Shao Jian, Feng Junzong, Jiang Yonggang, Li Liangjun, Hu Yijie, Feng Jian
Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Oct 16;9(43):43583-43592. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05590. eCollection 2024 Oct 29.
This study aims to enhance the production efficiency of carbon microspheres (CS) and expand their potential applications. To this end, resorcinol-formaldehyde microspheres (RFS) were prepared in high yield through the modified Stöber method, utilizing resorcinol and formaldehyde as carbon sources, ammonia as a catalyst, and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) as a soft template. The resulting RFS were then carbonized to obtain high yield CS. This study examined the impact of key factors, namely, the concentration of resorcinol, ammonia, and the SDBS concentration, along with the temperature of carbonization, upon the properties of the resulting CS, which were observed with regard to microscopic morphology, average particle size, homogeneity, and yield. The findings demonstrated that the proclivity of RFS to agglomerate with one another at high carbon source concentrations was markedly diminished, while the yield of CS was notably enhanced through the introduction of the anionic surfactant SDBS. The particle size of RFS can be modified within the range 200-1000 nm by adjusting the resorcinol and ammonia concentration. The prepared RFS exhibited a regular spherical morphology and a smooth surface. Furthermore, the CS displayed a uniform spherical morphology following high-temperature carbonization, with no agglomeration or cross-linking observed between adjacent particles. It was observed that the yield of RFS reached a maximum of 93.2 g/L when the resorcinol concentration was 0.7 mol/L. Following carbonization at 800 °C, the yield of CS was found to be 41.9 g/L, with a diameter of 770 nm and good monodispersity.
本研究旨在提高碳微球（CS）的生产效率并拓展其潜在应用。为此，采用改进的Stöber法，以间苯二酚和甲醛为碳源、氨为催化剂、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）为软模板，高产率地制备了间苯二酚-甲醛微球（RFS）。然后将所得的RFS碳化以获得高产率的CS。本研究考察了间苯二酚浓度、氨浓度、SDBS浓度以及碳化温度等关键因素对所得CS性能的影响，这些性能通过微观形态、平均粒径、均匀性和产率来观察。研究结果表明，在高碳源浓度下RFS彼此团聚的倾向显著降低，而通过引入阴离子表面活性剂SDBS，CS的产率显著提高。通过调节间苯二酚和氨的浓度，RFS的粒径可在200 - 1000 nm范围内改变。所制备的RFS呈现规则的球形形态且表面光滑。此外，高温碳化后的CS呈现均匀的球形形态，相邻颗粒之间未观察到团聚或交联现象。观察到当间苯二酚浓度为0.7 mol/L时，RFS的产率最高可达93.2 g/L。在800℃碳化后，CS的产率为41.9 g/L，直径为770 nm且具有良好的单分散性。
