Schwab W, Mang W L
HNO. 1986 Jan;34(1):1-10.
Middle face fractures are classified as follows: fractures of the nose, maxillary fractures (vertical and transverse, Le Fort I-III), lateral middle face fractures, isolated orbital floor fractures (blow out fractures), isolated zygoma fractures and combined multiple fractures. Rhinosurgical indications are discussed with emphasis on osteosynthesis using wire and miniplates.
鼻骨骨折、上颌骨骨折(垂直和横向,Le Fort I - III型)、中面部外侧骨折、孤立性眶底骨折(爆裂性骨折)、孤立性颧骨骨折以及多发性复合骨折。本文讨论鼻外科手术指征,并重点强调钢丝和微型钢板的骨内固定术。