Svebak S
Int J Psychophysiol. 1986 Jan;3(3):155-62. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(86)90024-3.
The significance of serious-mindedness and task-contingent threat for cardiac and somatic activation were tested in a mixed design. Ten serious-minded and 10 playful state-dominant subjects were recruited from a larger sample to form extreme-groups according to their responses to the Telic Dominance Scale. They all performed a continuous perceptual-motor task with and without threat of aversive electric shock as punishment for inferior performance (counterbalanced). Results supported the following conclusions: serious-mindedness was associated with passive forearm EMG activity, whereas playfulness was related to active forearm EMG activity. Threat of shock interacted with serious-mindedness to cause particularily high HR with threat versus low HR in the no-threat treatment. Error-scores and scores on perceived task difficulty did not explain group differences in physiological activation. The results were discussed in relation to a hypothesis of cardiac-somatic uncoupling during effortful active coping, the pyramidal and extrapyramidal pathways to the skeletal muscles, and to effort expended in the serious-minded and playful motivational states.
在一项混合设计中测试了严肃认真和任务相关威胁对心脏及躯体激活的影响。从一个更大的样本中招募了10名严肃认真和10名游戏状态占主导的受试者，根据他们对目的主导量表的反应形成极端组。他们都进行了一项连续的感知运动任务，任务中有或没有因表现不佳而遭受厌恶电击作为惩罚的威胁（平衡设计）。结果支持以下结论：严肃认真与被动的前臂肌电图活动相关，而游戏状态与主动的前臂肌电图活动相关。电击威胁与严肃认真相互作用，导致在有威胁时心率特别高，而在无威胁处理中心率较低。错误分数和感知任务难度得分并不能解释生理激活方面的组间差异。结合在努力主动应对过程中心脏-躯体解耦的假设、通向骨骼肌的锥体和锥体外系途径以及在严肃认真和游戏动机状态下所付出的努力，对结果进行了讨论。
