Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, 04530, Mexico City, Mexico.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26576. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76824-w.
Wastewater serves as a reservoir for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study revealed the presence of carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), established clonal relationships among isolates in hospital and municipal wastewater, and identified a high-risk clone in municipal wastewater. A total of 63 isolates of GNB were obtained, with Enterobacterales being the most frequently isolated group (62%). Carbapenemase-producing Lelliottia amnigena, Kluyvera cryocrescens, and Shewanella putrefaciens isolates were documented for the first time in Mexico. The detectableted carbapenemase genes were bla (55%), bla (12%), bla (12%), bla (4%), bla (2%), bla (2%), and bla (2%). Clonal relationships were observed among Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. isolates, and remarkably the high-risk clone Escherichia coli ST361, carrying bla, was identified. This study demonstrates that wastewater harbours carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing bacteria, posing a public health threat that requires epidemiological surveillance.
污水是抗微生物药物耐药菌的储存库。本研究揭示了耐碳青霉烯和产碳青霉烯酶革兰氏阴性杆菌（GNB）的存在，确定了医院和市政污水中分离株之间的克隆关系，并在市政污水中发现了一个高风险克隆。共获得 63 株 GNB 分离株，肠杆菌科是最常分离的菌属（62%）。首次在墨西哥记录到产碳青霉烯酶的莱氏利斯特菌、脆弱拟杆菌和腐败希瓦氏菌分离株。检测到的碳青霉烯酶基因包括 bla（55%）、bla（12%）、bla（12%）、bla（4%）、bla（2%）、bla（2%）和 bla（2%）。肺炎克雷伯菌和肠杆菌属分离株之间存在克隆关系，值得注意的是，携带 bla 的高风险克隆大肠埃希菌 ST361 被鉴定出来。本研究表明，污水中存在耐碳青霉烯和产碳青霉烯酶的细菌，对公共健康构成威胁，需要进行流行病学监测。
