Liu Zidong, Wang Jiaqi, Li Zeqin, Zhang Gengqian
School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Electrophoresis. 2025 Jan;46(1-2):44-55. doi: 10.1002/elps.202400077. Epub 2024 Nov 5.
Biological stains are one of the most important pieces of evidence, playing a multifaceted role in forensic investigations. An integral facet of forensic practice involves the identification of body fluids, typically achieved through chemical and enzymatic reactions. In recent decades, the introduction of mRNA markers has been posited as a pivotal advancement to augment the capabilities of body fluid identification (BFID). The mRNA coding region single-nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNPs) also present notable advantages, particularly in the task of individual identification. Here, we review the specificity and stability of mRNA markers in the context of BFID and the prowess of mRNA polymorphism in individual identification. Additionally, innovative methods for mRNA detection are discussed.
生物染色剂是最重要的证据之一，在法医调查中发挥着多方面的作用。法医实践的一个重要方面是识别体液，这通常通过化学和酶促反应来实现。近几十年来，mRNA标记物的引入被认为是增强体液识别（BFID）能力的一项关键进展。mRNA编码区单核苷酸多态性（cSNP）也具有显著优势，尤其是在个体识别任务中。在此，我们综述了mRNA标记物在BFID背景下的特异性和稳定性，以及mRNA多态性在个体识别中的优势。此外，还讨论了mRNA检测的创新方法。
