Davidson Judy E, Makhija Hirsh, Lee Kelly C, Barnes Arianna, Richardson Marcus Groner, Choflet Amanda, Ali Tatyana, Zisook Sidney
Author Affiliations: Nurse Scientist (Dr Davidson), Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla; Nurse Scientist (Dr Davidson), Department of Nursing, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine; Postgraduate Researcher (Makhija), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego Health, La Jolla; Professor and Associate Dean (Dr Lee), Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla; Clinical Nurse Specialist (Dr Barnes), Department of Nursing, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Missouri; Clinical Nurse (Richardson), Division of Nursing, University of California, San Diego; Dean (Dr Choflet), School of Nursing, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Undergraduate Researcher (Ali), College of Sciences, San Diego State University, California; and Professor (Dr Zisook), Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla.
J Nurs Adm. 2024 Dec 1;54(12):649-656. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000001508. Epub 2024 Nov 5.
The aim of this study was to estimate the national incidence of nurse suicide.
Nurses are at a higher risk of suicide than nonnurses; however, data have been limited since 2018.
This study used a retrospective cohort design using 2017-2021 National Violent Death Reporting System suicides.
Female nurses had higher suicide rates than female nonnurses in 2018 (incidence rate ratio, 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.39]), 2019 (1.41 [95% CI, 1.23-1.60]), 2020 (1.26 [95% CI, 1.08-1.45]), and 2021 (1.35 [95% CI, 1.17-1.55]), whereas male nurses were comparable with male nonnurses. Nurses had higher odds of mental health problems (adjusted odds ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.13-1.46], P < .001), job problems (1.60 [95% CI, 1.33-1.92], P < .001), and use of poisoning (1.54 [95% CI, 1.37-1.74], P < .001). Nurses had higher odds of using opioids, cardiovascular/diabetic agents, and drugs not prescribed for home use.
Female nurses are at a higher risk of suicide than other females. Multimodal nurse suicide prevention strategies remain indicated.
本研究旨在估算全国护士自杀的发生率。
护士自杀风险高于非护士群体；然而，自2018年以来相关数据一直有限。
本研究采用回顾性队列设计，使用2017 - 2021年国家暴力死亡报告系统中的自杀数据。
2018年（发病率比，1.21[95%置信区间(CI)，1.05 - 1.39]）、2019年（1.41[95%CI，1.23 - 1.60]）、2020年（1.26[95%CI，1.08 - 1.45]）和2021年（1.35[95%CI，1.17 - 1.55]），女性护士的自杀率高于女性非护士，而男性护士与男性非护士相当。护士出现心理健康问题（调整后的优势比，1.28[95%CI，1.13 - 1.46]，P <.001）、工作问题（1.60[95%CI，1.33 - 1.92]，P <.001）以及使用中毒方式自杀（1.54[95%CI，1.37 - 1.74]，P <.001）的几率更高。护士使用阿片类药物、心血管/糖尿病药物以及非家用处方药自杀的几率更高。
女性护士自杀风险高于其他女性。仍需采取多模式的护士自杀预防策略。
