Bovolon Luca, Nappa Maria Rosaria, Chiodo Salvatore, Greco Francesca, Folino Katia, Tarsitano Maria Grazia, Bertollo Maurizio, Emerenziani Gian Pietro
Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Pescara, Italy.
Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 15;10(20):e39373. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39373. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Self-efficacy (SE) refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to successfully execute specific tasks and produce desired outcomes. The focused SE on specific sports tasks has been shown to impact athletic performance by interacting with other self-evaluation processes, like self-efficacy beliefs in emotion-related regulation and effective emotion regulation. This study aims at investigating the mediating effect of SE in regulating negative affect in the relationship between anger and taekwondo task-focused SE. Accordingly, the study aims to adapt and validate the Roundhouse Kick Self-Efficacy Scale (RKSES) in Italian, which assesses taekwondo task-focused SE in athletes. In study 1, 180 Italian taekwondo athletes ( = 27.6 12; 89.4 % black belts; 69 women) were sampled to validate the Italian version of the RKSES, which presented a good fit of the data ( = .031), internal consistency ( = .916), and concurrent validity ( = .561). Study 2 involved 357 Italian taekwondo athletes ( = 28.4 11.87; 87.4 % black belts; 147 women), and collected self-reports on regulating negative emotions SE, competitive anger and aggression, perceived physical ability, and taekwondo task-focused SE. Analysis of covariance revealed multiple differences between age-related categories in terms of competitive anger ( < .001) and aggressiveness ( = .041), and between gender groups in terms of competitive aggressiveness ( = .002), negative emotion regulation SE ( = .024), and perceived physical abilities ( < .001). Mediation analysis indicated that negative emotion regulation SE partially mediated the effects of competitive anger on task-focused SE ( < .001). Findings suggest a mediating role of negative emotion regulation SE in the relationship between competitive anger and task-focused SE, emphasizing the importance of taking an instrumental approach to emotion regulation, and advocates for the use of practical tools to assess task-focused SE.
自我效能感（SE）是指个体相信自己有能力成功执行特定任务并产生预期结果。专注于特定体育任务的自我效能感已被证明会通过与其他自我评估过程相互作用来影响运动表现，比如在与情绪相关的调节和有效的情绪调节方面的自我效能信念。本研究旨在调查自我效能感在调节愤怒与跆拳道任务专注自我效能感之间关系中的消极情绪时的中介作用。因此，该研究旨在改编并验证意大利语版的回旋踢自我效能量表（RKSES），该量表用于评估运动员的跆拳道任务专注自我效能感。在研究1中，抽取了180名意大利跆拳道运动员（平均年龄 = 27.6 ± 12岁；89.4%为黑带；69名女性）来验证意大利语版的RKSES，该量表呈现出良好的数据拟合度（χ² = 0.031）、内部一致性（α = 0.916）和同时效度（r = 0.561）。研究2涉及357名意大利跆拳道运动员（平均年龄 = 28.4 ± 11.87岁；87.4%为黑带；147名女性），并收集了关于调节消极情绪自我效能感、竞争性愤怒和攻击性、感知身体能力以及跆拳道任务专注自我效能感的自我报告。协方差分析显示，在竞争性愤怒（p < 0.001）和攻击性（p = 0.041）方面，不同年龄组之间存在多重差异，在竞争性攻击性（p = 0.002）、消极情绪调节自我效能感（p = 0.024）和感知身体能力（p < 0.001）方面，不同性别组之间存在差异。中介分析表明，消极情绪调节自我效能感部分中介了竞争性愤怒对任务专注自我效能感的影响（p < 0.001）。研究结果表明消极情绪调节自我效能感在竞争性愤怒与任务专注自我效能感之间的关系中起中介作用，强调了采用工具性方法进行情绪调节的重要性，并提倡使用实用工具来评估任务专注自我效能感。
