School of Sport Performing Arts and Leisure, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 Dec;21(6):e445-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01364.x. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
This study examined relationships between beliefs about emotions (meta-emotion beliefs), emotion regulation strategies, and pre-competition emotional states using an instrumental model of emotion regulation. Three hundred and sixty runners reported meta-beliefs about the influence of anxiety and/or anger on performance, completed a short emotion scale, and reported their use of emotion regulation strategies. Results indicated that 55 runners (15%) reported meta-emotion beliefs that strategies aimed at increasing anxiety and/or anger would help performance while 305 runners (85%) reported beliefs that strategies intended to reduce the same emotions before competition would help performance. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that people who believe that anxiety or anger is good for performance reported high anger, but not anxiety, before performance. They also reported using strategies to increase unpleasant emotions. We suggest that further research is needed to examine relationships between meta-emotion beliefs and the use of emotion regulation strategies in sport.
本研究使用情绪调节的工具模型，考察了情绪信念（元情绪信念）、情绪调节策略与比赛前情绪状态之间的关系。360 名跑步者报告了他们对焦虑和/或愤怒对表现的影响的元信念，完成了一个简短的情绪量表，并报告了他们使用的情绪调节策略。结果表明，有 55 名跑步者（15%）报告说，旨在增加焦虑和/或愤怒的策略将有助于表现，而 305 名跑步者（85%）则报告说，旨在减少比赛前相同情绪的策略将有助于表现。多元方差分析表明，那些认为焦虑或愤怒对表现有好处的人在比赛前报告的愤怒水平较高，但焦虑水平较低。他们还报告说使用了增加不愉快情绪的策略。我们建议需要进一步研究元情绪信念与运动中情绪调节策略的使用之间的关系。
