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影响医务人员职业倦怠的因素：基于工作需求-资源视角的路径分析

Factors affecting occupational burnout in medical staff: a path analysis based on the job demands-resources perspective.

作者信息

Wei Zuolin, Xia Bocheng, Jiang Lingli, Zhu Huaiyi, Li Lingyan, Wang Lin, Zhao Jun, Fan Ruoxin, Wang Peng, Huang Mingjin

机构信息

School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.

The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 21;15:1490171. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490171. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490171
PMID:39502294
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11535325/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess occupational burnout conditions and work-related factors among frontline medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyse the relationships among these factors utilizing the job demands-resources (JD-R) model as a theoretical framework.

METHODS

An online survey was distributed to medical staff in one city via convenience sampling during 12/29/2022-1/10/2023. Path analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between work-related factors and occupational burnout among frontline medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak.

RESULTS

Among 474 respondents, 455 frontline medical staff (female=79.56%) were included in the final analysis. Medical staff aged <35 exhibited higher levels of occupational burnout than did older staff. Depression/anxiety and workload were positively correlated with occupational burnout and negatively correlated with self-compassion, workplace health/safety, and workplace support. Path analysis indicated the direct effects of workplace support, depression/anxiety, workplace health/safety, self-compassion, and workload on occupational burnout. There were also partial mediating effects of workplace support, depression/anxiety, workplace health/safety, and self-compassion on occupational burnout. The model demonstrated good fit.

CONCLUSION

Workplace support, a crucial job resource, can improve occupational burnout among frontline medical staff in various ways. Reducing anxiety, depression, and workload and improving workplace support, health/safety, and self-compassion are practical and effective measures for mitigating occupational burnout.

摘要

目的

评估新冠疫情期间一线医务人员的职业倦怠状况及与工作相关的因素，并以工作需求-资源（JD-R）模型为理论框架分析这些因素之间的关系。

方法

于2022年12月29日至2023年1月10日期间，通过便利抽样对某一城市的医务人员进行在线调查。采用路径分析探讨新冠疫情暴发期间一线医务人员工作相关因素与职业倦怠之间的关系。

结果

在474名受访者中，最终纳入分析的有455名一线医务人员（女性占79.56%）。年龄<35岁的医务人员职业倦怠水平高于年长的医务人员。抑郁/焦虑和工作量与职业倦怠呈正相关，与自我同情、工作场所健康/安全及工作场所支持呈负相关。路径分析表明工作场所支持、抑郁/焦虑、工作场所健康/安全、自我同情和工作量对职业倦怠有直接影响。工作场所支持、抑郁/焦虑、工作场所健康/安全和自我同情对职业倦怠也有部分中介作用。该模型拟合良好。

结论

工作场所支持作为一种关键的工作资源，可以通过多种方式改善一线医务人员的职业倦怠。减轻焦虑、抑郁和工作量，改善工作场所支持、健康/安全和自我同情是缓解职业倦怠的切实有效措施。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1b1c/11535325/a0d0e0ba12e0/fpsyt-15-1490171-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1b1c/11535325/fd979dad9305/fpsyt-15-1490171-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1b1c/11535325/a0d0e0ba12e0/fpsyt-15-1490171-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1b1c/11535325/fd979dad9305/fpsyt-15-1490171-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1b1c/11535325/a0d0e0ba12e0/fpsyt-15-1490171-g002.jpg

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