Mahale Aarti Y, Agarwal Swati, Bansal Rajat, Khan Sheeba, Goyel Purnita, Chaubey Abhinav, Gupta Seema
Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Medical Foundation's Annasaheb Chudaman Patil Memorial Medical College, Dhule, IND.
Department of Periodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 6;16(10):e70929. doi: 10.7759/cureus.70929. eCollection 2024 Oct.
A persistent systemic hyperglycemia as observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with periodontal inflammation. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study was to assess the levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of type 2 DM and non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. The secondary objectives were to correlate these levels with various parameters such as age, gender, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, probing depth (PD), and fasting blood sugar levels and to determine the significant predictors for PGE2 and TXB2 levels. Materials and methods: This case-control, cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 patients who were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=20) comprising type 2 DM patients with chronic periodontitis, group 2 (n=20) composed of non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis, and group 3 (n=20) as controls comprising of periodontally and systemically healthy individuals. HbA1c, fasting blood glucose levels, PD, and PGE2 and TXB2 levels were checked in GCF for all the patients. The data was subjected to statistical analysis.
The two-way analysis of variance test results revealed statistically significant differences across groups for all parameters. The levels of both biomarkers showed a positive correlation with HbA1c, PD, fasting blood sugar levels, and duration of type 2 DM. Furthermore, PD and fasting blood sugar levels showed the strongest influence on both PGE2 and TXB2 levels. For PGE2, fasting blood sugar levels (p=0.006) and PD (p<0.001) were significant predictors. For TXB2, significant predictors included HbA1c (p=0.003), fasting blood sugar levels (p=0.015), and PD (p<0.001).
PGE2 and TXB2 levels were significantly increased in type 2 DM with chronic periodontitis, compared with non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy patients.
2型糖尿病（DM）患者中观察到的持续性全身性高血糖与牙周炎症有关。因此，本研究的主要目的是评估2型糖尿病患者和慢性牙周炎非糖尿病患者龈沟液（GCF）中血栓素B2（TXB2）和前列腺素E2（PGE2）的水平。次要目的是将这些水平与年龄、性别、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平、探诊深度（PD）和空腹血糖水平等各种参数相关联，并确定PGE2和TXB2水平的重要预测因素。
本病例对照横断面研究对60例患者进行，分为三组：第1组（n = 20）为患有慢性牙周炎的2型糖尿病患者，第2组（n = 20）由患有慢性牙周炎的非糖尿病患者组成，第3组（n = 20）作为对照组，由牙周和全身健康的个体组成。对所有患者的GCF进行HbA1c、空腹血糖水平、PD以及PGE2和TXB2水平的检查。对数据进行统计分析。
双向方差分析测试结果显示，所有参数在各组之间均存在统计学上的显著差异。两种生物标志物的水平与HbA1c、PD、空腹血糖水平和2型糖尿病病程呈正相关。此外，PD和空腹血糖水平对PGE2和TXB2水平的影响最强。对于PGE2，空腹血糖水平（p = 0.006）和PD（p < 0.001）是显著的预测因素。对于TXB2，显著的预测因素包括HbA1c（p = 0.003）、空腹血糖水平（p = 0.015）和PD（p < 0.001）。
与患有慢性牙周炎的非糖尿病患者和牙周健康患者相比，患有慢性牙周炎的2型糖尿病患者的PGE2和TXB2水平显著升高。
