Watkins Timothy A, Brockhurst Jacqueline K, Germain Gregory, Griffin Diane E, Foxman Ellen F
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 15;231(4):1089-1093. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae537.
The live attenuated measles vaccine is extremely effective in preventing measles and induces mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract; however, the mechanism is not known. We show that live attenuated measles virus (LAMV) RNA is frequently detected in the respiratory tract 7-21 days after subcutaneous measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination in healthy children (n = 5/20) and macaques (n = 6/8). Replicating LAMV was isolated from the lungs of 2 macaques, with no evidence of transmission to unvaccinated individuals. These observations suggest that LAMV in the respiratory tract may play a role in the development of robust mucosal immunity following MMR vaccination.
减毒活麻疹疫苗在预防麻疹方面极为有效，并能诱导呼吸道黏膜免疫；然而，其机制尚不清楚。我们发现，在健康儿童（n = 5/20）和猕猴（n = 6/8）皮下接种麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗后7-21天，呼吸道中经常检测到减毒活麻疹病毒（LAMV）RNA。从2只猕猴的肺中分离出正在复制的LAMV，没有证据表明其传播给未接种疫苗的个体。这些观察结果表明，呼吸道中的LAMV可能在MMR疫苗接种后强大的黏膜免疫发展中发挥作用。
