McBurney Michael I, Tintle Nathan L, Westra Jason, Harris William S, Curhan Sharon E
Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences & Human Health, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON; Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA; Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2024 Apr;203:102654. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102654. Epub 2024 Nov 1.
Disabling hearing loss affects ∼430 million people globally. Fish consumption and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake were inversely associated with risk of hearing loss, but the association of plasma n-3 PUFAs and hearing loss is unclear.
To examine the associations between plasma n-3 PUFA fractions (as % of total fatty acids), i.e., DHA % and Other n-3 PUFA % (defined as total n-3 PUFA minus DHA), with self-reported hearing difficulty in a population-based cohort in the UK.
Our study includes 175,177 UK Biobank participants (40-69y, 54 % women) with data on plasma n-3 PUFA and hearing status. Baseline plasma PUFA levels were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance, and self-reported hearing difficulty was obtained by questionnaire between 2007 and 2010. Logistic regression was used to estimate age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs), multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (MVORs) by adjusting for 14 demographic, behavioral, biomarker and health-related potential confounders, and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).
Hearing difficulty was reported by 26.7 % of participants. Higher plasma n-3 PUFA levels were independently associated with lower odds of self-reported hearing difficulty. The prevalence of hearing difficulty rose across age strata (40-49y, 15.8 %; 50-59y, 24.9 % and 60+y, 34.4 %; p < 0.0001) and overall was higher in males (33.2 %) than females (21.3 %). Compared with those in the lowest quintile of plasma DHA % or Other n-3 PUFA %, the MVOR (95 % CI) for hearing difficulty was 0.88 (0.85, 0.92) in highest quintile of plasma DHA %, and 0.91 (0.87, 0.94) in the highest quintile of Other n-3 PUFA %. The associations with DHA % did not differ by age or sex (p-for-interaction 0.83 and 0.58, respectively). MVORs for DHA % and Other n-3 PUFA % were similar among the 44,486 individuals with data on noise exposure at work.
Higher plasma n-3 PUFA levels were independently associated with lower odds of hearing difficulty.
致残性听力损失影响着全球约4.3亿人。鱼类消费和长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的摄入量与听力损失风险呈负相关，但血浆n-3多不饱和脂肪酸与听力损失之间的关联尚不清楚。
在英国一个基于人群的队列中，研究血浆n-3多不饱和脂肪酸组分（占总脂肪酸的百分比），即二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）百分比和其他n-3多不饱和脂肪酸百分比（定义为总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸减去DHA）与自我报告的听力困难之间的关联。
我们的研究纳入了175177名英国生物银行参与者（40 - 69岁，54%为女性），他们有血浆n-3多不饱和脂肪酸和听力状况的数据。通过核磁共振分析基线血浆多不饱和脂肪酸水平，并在2007年至2010年期间通过问卷调查获取自我报告的听力困难情况。使用逻辑回归来估计年龄调整后的优势比（OR）、通过对14个人口统计学、行为、生物标志物和健康相关的潜在混杂因素进行调整后的多变量调整优势比（MVOR）以及95%置信区间（CI）。
26.7%的参与者报告有听力困难。较高的血浆n-3多不饱和脂肪酸水平与自我报告听力困难的较低几率独立相关。听力困难的患病率在各年龄层中上升（40 - 49岁为15.8%；50 - 59岁为24.9%，60岁及以上为34.4%；p < 0.0001），总体上男性（33.2%）高于女性（21.3%）。与血浆DHA百分比或其他n-3多不饱和脂肪酸最低五分位数的人群相比，血浆DHA百分比最高五分位数人群中听力困难的MVOR（95%CI）为0.88（0.85，0.92），其他n-3多不饱和脂肪酸最高五分位数人群中为0.91（0.87，0.94）。DHA百分比的关联在年龄或性别上没有差异（交互作用p值分别为0.83和0.58）。在44486名有工作场所噪声暴露数据的个体中，DHA百分比和其他n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的MVOR相似。
较高的血浆n-3多不饱和脂肪酸水平与听力困难的较低几率独立相关。
