Zhang Nisi, Dai Zhifei
（ 100871） Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024 Sep 20;55(5):1329-1335. doi: 10.12182/20240960210.
Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, all liver cancer treatment options currently available fail to achieve a complete cure. Recently, research on pyroptosis has attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of cancer therapy. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory cell death closely related to oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The induction of pyroptosis can lead to the inhibition of tumor proliferation and the improvement of tumor immune responsiveness and is considered a novel therapeutic mechanism that can be utilized to develop new cancer therapies. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which involves a synergistic application of sonosensitizers and low-intensity focused ultrasound to generate cytotoxic ROS, demonstrates certain advantages and potentials in the treatment of liver cancer. However, liver cancer treatment utilizing SDT is still in the stage of preclinical research, and the specific conditions of ultrasound treatment, the biological effects, and the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. In this review, we discussed the potential of utilizing pyroptosis in liver cancer treatment, the mechanism of cancer therapy with ROS generated by SDT, and the latest findings concerning SDT from clinical and basic research. We discussed the utilization of SDT to force the accumulation of ROS in tumors to exceed the cytotoxicity threshold. Thus, SDT promotes pyroptosis and enhances the immune response to cancer. Furthermore, we discussed the prospects for applying the mechanism of SDT-induced pyroptosis in cancer therapy, thereby providing a better theoretical and experimental foundation for the clinical translation of SDT for liver cancer treatment.
肝癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。然而，目前所有可用的肝癌治疗方案都无法实现完全治愈。最近，细胞焦亡的研究引起了癌症治疗领域研究人员的极大关注。细胞焦亡是一种与活性氧（ROS）引起的氧化应激密切相关的炎症性细胞死亡。诱导细胞焦亡可导致肿瘤增殖受到抑制，肿瘤免疫反应性得到改善，被认为是一种可用于开发新癌症治疗方法的新型治疗机制。声动力疗法（SDT）涉及协同应用声敏剂和低强度聚焦超声以产生活性细胞毒性ROS，在肝癌治疗中显示出一定的优势和潜力。然而，利用SDT进行肝癌治疗仍处于临床前研究阶段，超声治疗的具体条件、生物学效应和作用机制尚未完全了解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在肝癌治疗中利用细胞焦亡的潜力、SDT产生的ROS进行癌症治疗的机制以及来自临床和基础研究的关于SDT的最新发现。我们讨论了利用SDT促使肿瘤中ROS的积累超过细胞毒性阈值。因此，SDT促进细胞焦亡并增强对癌症的免疫反应。此外，我们讨论了将SDT诱导细胞焦亡的机制应用于癌症治疗的前景，从而为SDT用于肝癌治疗的临床转化提供更好的理论和实验基础。
