Keller T S, Spengler D M, Carter D R
J Orthop Res. 1986;4(1):57-67. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100040107.
Geometric, elastic, and structural properties of growing rat femora were determined from bending and torsion tests followed by bone sectioning and measurement of areal properties. Rosette strain gages bonded to the bone surface measured the strain during testing. A computer generated elliptical cross-sectional representation of the cross section geometry was used for calculation of material and structural properties. All structural and material properties increased with increasing age, exhibiting age-related changes that were best represented by an allometric or "heterauxic" growth pattern (y = axb) up to maturity. The femoral axial, flexural, and torsional rigidity increased 5.7, 10.1, and 14.8 fold, respectively, during maturation from 21 to 119 days of age. The increase in whole bone rigidity during maturation was caused primarily by changes in geometry. The bone tissue tensile longitudinal elastic modulus and shear modulus approximately doubled, and the shear strength increased approximately fourfold over this same period. Following maturity, a much slower increase in bending and torsional properties was noted. The results suggest that bone structural properties are regulated by changes in both geometric and material properties.
通过弯曲和扭转试验，随后进行骨切片和面积属性测量，确定了生长中大鼠股骨的几何、弹性和结构属性。粘贴在骨表面的应变片在测试过程中测量应变。使用计算机生成的椭圆形横截面表示来计算材料和结构属性。所有结构和材料属性都随年龄增长而增加，在成熟前呈现出与年龄相关的变化，这种变化最好用异速生长或“异速生长”模式（y = axb）来表示。在21至119日龄的成熟过程中，股骨的轴向、弯曲和扭转刚度分别增加了5.7倍、10.1倍和14.8倍。成熟过程中全骨刚度的增加主要是由几何形状的变化引起的。在同一时期，骨组织的拉伸纵向弹性模量和剪切模量大约增加了一倍，剪切强度大约增加了四倍。成熟后，弯曲和扭转属性的增加要慢得多。结果表明，骨结构属性受几何和材料属性变化的调节。
