Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Nov;31(55):63847-63862. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35471-4. Epub 2024 Nov 7.
This work investigates the use of Aspergillus brasiliensis, this particular species of Aspergillus, as a biosorbent for the first time. It is employed to biosorption Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) and combines the biosorption experiments with electrochemical measurements for in situ analysis. For the experiments, a batch system was employed with the dead biomass. In order to determine the biosorption capacity, the impact of several operational parameters was examined, including pH, temperature, agitation speed, contact time, and initial metal concentration, and the optimum values were 5, 30 °C, 150 rpm, 2 h, and 150 ppm, respectively. Using 0.2 g biomass in 100 mL solution, the maximal uptake of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) at ideal conditions was determined to be 33.67, 24.51, and 36.76, respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model was studied for the biosorption process. An electrochemical sensor using nanomaterials is designed and constructed to monitor the concentration of these metals. The silver nanoparticles functionalized with thiosemicarbazide and 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (mercaptohexanoylhydrazinecarbothioamide-coated silver nanoparticles, MHHC-AgNPs) linked to the carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were utilized for glassy carbon electrode modification (MHHC-AgNPs/MWCNTs/GCE). The concentration range of Zn(II) is 0.7-173 µg/L, Cd(II) is 1.18-293 µg/L, and Pb(II) is 2.17-540 µg/L. The detection limits for Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) are 0.036 µg/L, 0.15 µg/L, and 0.16 µg/L, respectively. Under optimized conditions, these results were obtained using the differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry method (DPASV). The successful detection of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) was achieved by effectively preventing interference from other common ions. It was effectively employed for measuring ions in industrial wastewater, and the results obtained aligned with those acquired from an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Thus, Aspergillus brasiliensis species, along with this electrochemical sensor, can be used to remediate and monitor environmental pollution, Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II), successfully.
本研究首次将巴西曲霉（Aspergillus brasiliensis）用作生物吸附剂，用于吸附 Zn(II)、Cd(II) 和 Pb(II)，并结合生物吸附实验和电化学测量进行原位分析。实验采用死生物质的批量系统，考察了 pH 值、温度、搅拌速度、接触时间和初始金属浓度等操作参数对生物吸附容量的影响，优化值分别为 5、30°C、150rpm、2h 和 150ppm。在理想条件下，使用 0.2g 生物质吸附 100mL 溶液，分别确定 Zn(II)、Cd(II) 和 Pb(II)的最大吸附量为 33.67、24.51 和 36.76。对生物吸附过程进行了 Langmuir 和 Freundlich 等温线模型研究。设计并构建了一种使用纳米材料的电化学传感器来监测这些金属的浓度。利用与羧基化多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）相连的巯基己酸（mercaptohexanoylhydrazinecarbothioamide-coated silver nanoparticles，MHHC-AgNPs）功能化的银纳米颗粒修饰玻碳电极（MHHC-AgNPs/MWCNTs/GCE）。Zn(II) 的浓度范围为 0.7-173µg/L，Cd(II) 的浓度范围为 1.18-293µg/L，Pb(II) 的浓度范围为 2.17-540µg/L。Zn(II)、Cd(II) 和 Pb(II) 的检测限分别为 0.036µg/L、0.15µg/L 和 0.16µg/L。在优化条件下，使用差分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法（DPASV）获得了这些结果。通过有效防止其他常见离子的干扰，成功实现了对 Zn(II)、Cd(II) 和 Pb(II) 的检测。该方法有效地用于测量工业废水中的离子，与原子吸收光谱仪（AAS）获得的结果一致。因此，巴西曲霉（Aspergillus brasiliensis）及其电化学传感器可成功用于修复和监测环境污染、Zn(II)、Cd(II) 和 Pb(II)。
