Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31 Str, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland.
Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Rudolfa Weigla 12 Str, Wrocław, 53-114, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 11;14(1):27567. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78605-x.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes significant economic losses in dairy calves. Induction of an early immune response via parenteral vaccination is complicated by the interference of colostral immunity. In this study, we investigated early immunization against selected conserved bacterial antigens. Calves were vaccinated twice intranasally and then subcutaneously with Histophilus somni recombinant proteins (rOMP40 or rHsp60) mixed with one of two adjuvants: CpG ODN2007 or MPLA. The control group (Con) was treated with PBS. The first immunization was done between 24 and 48 h of life and then twice in two weeks intervals. Blood, nasal, and saliva secretion samples were collected directly before vaccination (S1-S3) and then on 42-44 (S4) and 59-61 (S5) day of life. Antibodies (IgG/IgG/IgM/IgA in serum; IgG/IgA in secretions) against both vaccine antigens were quantified in all samples. Intranasal and subcutaneous vaccinations using the described formulas did not increase antibody reactivity against the tested proteins. The reactivity of serum IgG, IgM, and IgA anti-rOMP40 antibodies was significantly higher in S1 in all groups than that in the other samplings (p˂0.01). Significant differences in the reactivity of serum anti-rOMP40 antibodies between groups were identified in S1 (IgA reactivity was higher in the CpG vs. MPLA group; p < 0.05), S4 (IgM reactivity was higher in Con vs. CpG group; p < 0.05), and S5 (IgG1 reactivity was higher in MPLA vs. Con group; p < 0.05). The lack of consistent changes in antibodies after immunization (S4 and S5) hinders the drawing of conclusions regarding the effect of immunization on antibody reactivity. In the future, establishing a proper immunization window and adjuvants for nasal vaccines against bacterial pathogens causing BRD in calves remains to be determined.
牛呼吸道疾病(BRD)给奶牛犊牛造成了重大的经济损失。通过注射疫苗来诱导早期免疫反应会受到初乳免疫的干扰。在这项研究中,我们研究了针对选定的保守细菌抗原的早期免疫接种。犊牛通过鼻腔和皮下两次接种嗜肺巴氏杆菌重组蛋白(rOMP40 或 rHsp60),并与两种佐剂之一混合:CpG ODN2007 或 MPLA。对照组(Con)用 PBS 处理。第一次免疫接种在出生后 24 至 48 小时进行,然后每隔两周进行两次。在直接接种疫苗前(S1-S3)以及出生后第 42-44 天(S4)和第 59-61 天(S5)收集血液、鼻腔和唾液分泌样本。在所有样本中定量检测血清中针对两种疫苗抗原的抗体(IgG/IgG/IgM/IgA;分泌物中的 IgG/IgA)。使用所述配方进行鼻腔和皮下接种并未增加针对测试蛋白的抗体反应性。所有组在 S1 时针对 rOMP40 抗体的血清 IgG、IgM 和 IgA 抗体的反应性均明显高于其他采样(p˂0.01)。在 S1 时,各组间血清抗 rOMP40 抗体的反应性存在显著差异(CpG 组的 IgA 反应性较高;p < 0.05),在 S4 时(Con 组的 IgM 反应性较高;p < 0.05),以及在 S5 时(MPLA 组的 IgG1 反应性较高;p < 0.05)。免疫后(S4 和 S5)抗体没有一致的变化,这使得难以得出关于免疫接种对抗体反应性影响的结论。未来,仍需确定针对引起 BRD 的牛呼吸道细菌病原体的鼻腔疫苗的适当免疫接种窗口和佐剂。
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