[Effect of ethanol on the biosynthesis of major components of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the rat liver].

Content of triacylglycerols was increased in rat liver tissue after administration of ethanol. Independent studies of biosynthesis of fatty acid and glycerol components of glycerolipids exhibited that 3H-leucine was mainly consumed in synthesis of glycerol moiety of phospholipids and triacylglycerols, whereas 14C-acetate was utilized in synthesis of fatty acids. Ethanol activated most distinctly the synthesis of glycerol moiety as compared with the synthesis of triacylglycerol fatty acids. In rat liver tissue ethanol caused an accumulation of unsaturated and monoenic fatty acids, while the ratio of arachidonic acid in phospholipids was decreased. Synthesis of triacylglycerol fatty acids was activated in presence of ethanol with simultaneous decrease in the rate of the label incorporation into linoleic and arachidonic acids; synthesis of fatty acids was stimulated de novo but the following elongation and desaturation of linoleic acid was inhibited. Ethanol activated more effectively esterification of fatty acids with formation of triacylglycerols as compared with phospholipids. Incorporation of the label into glycerol molecule occurred in response to activation of glycero-glyconeogenesis by ethanol. Acetyl-CoA, derived from 14C-acetate, was mainly used in synthesis of triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, free cholesterol and its esters. Acetyl-CoA, produced from 3H-leucine, was mostly common involved in synthesis of monoacylglycerols and phospholipids.