Jia Junpeng, Liu Ruiling, Tang Rongfeng, Lin Jian, Yang Qian
MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Dec;103(12):104505. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104505. Epub 2024 Nov 6.
As a feed additive, Benzoic Acid (BA) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance feed conversion efficiency, regulate gastrointestinal pH, and improve overall animal health. Young animals, highly susceptible to S. Typhimurium infection, suffer from high mortality rates and substantial economic losses due to this pathogen. Despite promising indications of BA's immunomodulatory potential in boosting intestinal immunity, its underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates how BA strengthens intestinal anti-infection defenses in young animals via immunomodulatory pathways, focusing on its impact on macrophage polarization and IgA-mediated immune responses. Employing in vitro cell experiments and animal models, we examined the macrophage phenotypic alterations following BA treatment. We assessed the expression of immune-related genes in the intestine through immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results demonstrate that BA promotes M2 macrophage polarization by activating the mTOR/PPAR-γ/STAT3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, BA enhances the intestinal expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIgR), B-cell activating factor (BAFF) from the TNF family, and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), thereby enhancing IgA production by B-cells. These results underscore the potential of BA to bolster innate immune functions in young chickens, mitigate intestinal damage caused by S. Typhimurium infection, and ultimately promote both animal health and food safety.
作为一种饲料添加剂，苯甲酸（BA）已被证明能显著提高饲料转化效率、调节胃肠道pH值并改善动物整体健康状况。幼龄动物极易感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，这种病原体导致其死亡率很高并造成巨大经济损失。尽管有迹象表明BA在增强肠道免疫力方面具有免疫调节潜力，但其潜在机制仍未得到充分了解。本研究调查BA如何通过免疫调节途径增强幼龄动物的肠道抗感染防御能力，重点关注其对巨噬细胞极化和IgA介导的免疫反应的影响。通过体外细胞实验和动物模型，我们检测了BA处理后巨噬细胞的表型变化。我们通过免疫荧光染色、蛋白质印迹法和定量实时PCR评估了肠道中免疫相关基因的表达。结果表明，BA通过激活mTOR/PPAR-γ/STAT3信号通路促进M2巨噬细胞极化。此外，BA增强了肠道中多聚免疫球蛋白受体（PIgR）、肿瘤坏死因子家族的B细胞活化因子（BAFF）和活化诱导的胞苷脱氨酶（AID）的表达，从而增强B细胞产生IgA的能力。这些结果强调了BA在增强雏鸡先天免疫功能、减轻鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染引起的肠道损伤以及最终促进动物健康和食品安全方面的潜力。
