Ma Qiaofeng, Liang Shuxiu, Sun Jiawen, Wang Zhenhua, Hou Wenhao, Sun Zhaochen, Liu Bijin, Huang Wenguo
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2024 Dec;209(Pt B):117258. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117258. Epub 2024 Nov 11.
Nutrient pollution intensifies the strain on coastal ecosystems globally. Despite wetlands' significant nutrient removal potential, process-based assessments of nutrient removal in large-scale coastal wetlands face limitations that hinder accurate quantification of water quality improvements. This study proposes a novel quantitative approach by developing a coupled hydrodynamic-water quality-wetland biogeochemical model. The spatio-temporal distributions of water-sediment-vegetation nutrients in a coastal wetland and bay were simulated over an annual cycle, with model parameters and results calibrated and validated through field investigations and laboratory experiments. The findings show distinct spatio-temporal characteristics of nutrient pollutant reduction in coastal wetlands. In the Liaohe estuarine tidal wetland, a large-scale coastal wetland in China, nitrogen and phosphorus reduction fluxes reached 1184 t·yr and 53 t·yr, accounting for 19 % and 12 % of the river's fluxes to the sea, respectively. These results underscore the critical function of coastal wetlands in mitigating coastal nutrient pollution. This study presents a novel framework for quantifying coastal water quality improvements by wetlands on a larger scale.
营养物质污染加剧了全球沿海生态系统的压力。尽管湿地具有显著的营养物质去除潜力，但对大规模沿海湿地营养物质去除的基于过程的评估面临局限性，阻碍了对水质改善的准确量化。本研究通过开发一个耦合的水动力-水质-湿地生物地球化学模型，提出了一种新的定量方法。在一个年度周期内模拟了沿海湿地和海湾中水-沉积物-植被营养物质的时空分布，并通过实地调查和实验室实验对模型参数和结果进行了校准和验证。研究结果显示了沿海湿地营养物质污染物减少的明显时空特征。在中国的一个大型沿海湿地——辽河口潮汐湿地，氮和磷的减少通量分别达到1184吨/年和53吨/年，分别占河流入海通量的19%和12%。这些结果强调了沿海湿地在减轻沿海营养物质污染方面的关键作用。本研究提出了一个新的框架，用于在更大尺度上量化湿地对沿海水质的改善。
