Jansen J, Jørgensen M
Acta Neurol Scand. 1986 Jan;73(1):55-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1986.tb03241.x.
An analysis of survival, using Cox's regression model, was performed on 231 patients with hydrocephalus diagnosed before age five years. Age range at follow-up was 21-35 years. The only constant covariate of prognostic importance was asphyxia with a factor of excess mortality of 1.70. Important time-dependent covariates were: a head circumference increasingly above the 97th percentile and/or a radiological diagnosis of hydrocephalus, general seizures, a short lapse of time since diagnosis, and the sign of downward-displaced eyes. The excess mortality of patients with the sign of downward-displaced eyes could not be expressed by a factor of excess mortality, because this was age-dependent. For the other time dependent covariates the factors of excess mortality were 2.5-6.3. Complications during pregnancy and at birth, sex, birth weight, and surgical treatment of those days were not significant for survival. Examples of survival functions with different values for the time-dependent covariates are given.
采用Cox回归模型对231例5岁前确诊的脑积水患者进行了生存分析。随访时的年龄范围为21至35岁。唯一具有预后重要性的固定协变量是窒息，其超额死亡率因子为1.70。重要的时间依赖性协变量包括：头围逐渐高于第97百分位和/或脑积水的影像学诊断、全身性癫痫发作、诊断后时间较短以及眼球下移体征。有眼球下移体征的患者的超额死亡率无法用超额死亡率因子表示，因为这与年龄有关。对于其他时间依赖性协变量，超额死亡率因子为2.5至6.3。孕期和出生时的并发症、性别、出生体重以及当时的手术治疗对生存无显著影响。给出了具有不同时间依赖性协变量值的生存函数示例。
