Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
GenomaA Biotech, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Nov 13;40(12):381. doi: 10.1007/s11274-024-04191-9.
Cyanobacteria, often overlooked in traditional agriculture, are gaining recognition for their roles in enhancing plant growth and soil health through diverse mechanisms. This review examines their multifaceted contributions to agricultural systems, highlighting their proficiency in auxin production, which promotes plant growth and development. Additionally, we examined cyanobacteria's ability to produce siderophores that enhance iron absorption and address micronutrient deficiencies, as well as their capacity for nitrogen fixation, which converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can utilize, all with the goal of reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers. A meta-analysis of existing studies indicates significant positive effects of cyanobacteria on crop yield, although variability exists. While some research shows considerable yield increases, other studies report non-significant changes, suggesting benefits may depend on specific conditions and crop types. The overall random-effects model estimate indicates a significant aggregate effect, with a few exceptions, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize the use of cyanobacteria as biofertilizers. Although cyanobacteria-based products are limited in comparison to seaweed-derived alternatives, for instance, ongoing challenges include regulatory issues and production costs. Integrating cultivation with wastewater treatment could enhance competitiveness and viability in the agricultural market.
蓝藻在传统农业中常常被忽视，但由于其通过多种机制促进植物生长和土壤健康的作用，它们正逐渐受到重视。本文综述了蓝藻在农业系统中的多方面贡献，重点介绍了它们在生长素生产方面的专长，这有助于促进植物的生长和发育。此外，我们还研究了蓝藻产生铁载体的能力，这有助于提高铁的吸收，解决微量元素缺乏的问题，以及它们固氮的能力，将大气中的氮转化为植物可以利用的形式，所有这些都是为了减少对合成肥料的依赖。对现有研究的荟萃分析表明，蓝藻对作物产量有显著的积极影响，尽管存在变异性。虽然一些研究表明产量有显著增加，而其他研究则报告无显著变化，这表明收益可能取决于特定的条件和作物类型。总体随机效应模型估计表明存在显著的综合效应，但也有一些例外，这强调了需要进一步研究以优化蓝藻作为生物肥料的使用。尽管与海藻衍生的替代品相比，基于蓝藻的产品有限，但目前仍面临一些挑战，包括监管问题和生产成本。将培养与废水处理相结合，可以提高其在农业市场的竞争力和可行性。
