Mahadevappa Manjappa, Hussain Sakeer, Manohar Shivananda
Department of Cardiology JSS Medical College & Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Hosp Pharm. 2024 Oct 24:00185787241287368. doi: 10.1177/00185787241287368.
Donepezil and memantine are second-generation antipsychotics widely used in the management of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. These drugs are highly selective for the central nervous system, targeting different neural pathways to mitigate cognitive decline. Donepezil is a reversible and specific acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, while memantine is an NMDA receptor antagonist which modulates glutamatergic activity. Although these medications are safe, they are associated with adverse effects, and cardiovascular complications are rare. The reported cardiac adverse drug reactions include bradycardia, atrioventricular block, and prolonged QT interval. We are reporting a case of an 81-year-old male patient with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and bilateral sensorineural deafness receiving oral donepezil and memantine presented with second-degree atrioventricular block. The patient's atrioventricular block recovered completely in 2 to 3 weeks after the discontinuation of donepezil-memantine and with a short course of sympathomimetic drugs.
多奈哌齐和美金刚是第二代抗精神病药物,广泛用于治疗轻至中度阿尔茨海默病。这些药物对中枢神经系统具有高度选择性,针对不同的神经通路来减轻认知衰退。多奈哌齐是一种可逆性和特异性乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,而美金刚是一种N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体拮抗剂,可调节谷氨酸能活性。尽管这些药物是安全的,但它们会产生不良反应,心血管并发症较为罕见。报道的心脏药物不良反应包括心动过缓、房室传导阻滞和QT间期延长。我们报告一例81岁男性患者,患有精神分裂症、阿尔茨海默病和双侧感音神经性耳聋,正在接受口服多奈哌齐和美金刚治疗,出现了二度房室传导阻滞。在停用多奈哌齐-美金刚并使用短疗程拟交感神经药物后,患者的房室传导阻滞在2至3周内完全恢复。