Shadaker Shaun, Baliashvili Davit, Alkhazashvili Maia, Getia Vladimer, Tskhomelidze Schumacher Irina, Surguladze Sophia, Handanagic Senad, Tohme Rania A, Bloch Evan M
Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, United States.
The Task Force for Global Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2025 Feb;32(1):39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2024.11.004. Epub 2024 Nov 14.
Blood donor cohorts are an underappreciated resource for surveillance and public health programming for infectious diseases. The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was evaluated in repeat blood donors in Georgia.
Using data from the national hepatitis C screening registry, we calculated overall hepatitis C incidence for 2017-2023 and annual incidence during 2017-2022 among adults who donated blood at least twice and had a nonreactive HCV antibody (anti-HCV) test result upon first screening and a subsequent anti-HCV test conducted in any location. Rates of anti-HCV seroconversion and current infection were calculated by year, sex, age group, and location of last HCV screening and expressed per 100,000 person-years (PY).
Of 101,443 blood donors with ≥ 2 anti-HCV results,775 (0.8%) seroconverted to anti-HCV reactive, of whom 403 (52.0%) had current infection. Incidence of anti-HCV seroconversion decreased from 408 per 100,000 PY in 2017 to 218 per 100,000 PY in 2022 and incidence of infection decreased from 172 per 100,000 PY in 2017 to 118 per 100,000 PY in 2022. Males, persons aged 18-39 years, and people last tested for HCV in prisons had the highest incidence rates for anti-HCV seroconversion and HCV infection, while persons last screened in blood banks and during antenatal care had the lowest.
Despite the observed decline, incidence of HCV infection among repeat blood donors remains high in specific subgroups. Hepatitis C prevention, screening and treatment interventions need to particularly focus on incarcerated populations and young adults in Georgia.
献血人群是传染病监测和公共卫生规划中一种未得到充分重视的资源。我们对佐治亚州的重复献血者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的发生率进行了评估。
利用国家丙型肝炎筛查登记处的数据，我们计算了2017 - 2023年的总体丙型肝炎发病率，以及2017 - 2022年期间至少献血两次、首次筛查时HCV抗体（抗-HCV）检测结果为阴性且在任何地点进行了后续抗-HCV检测的成年人中的年发病率。抗-HCV血清转化和当前感染率按年份、性别、年龄组以及最后一次HCV筛查地点进行计算，并以每10万人年（PY）表示。
在101443名有≥2次抗-HCV检测结果的献血者中，775人（0.8%）血清转化为抗-HCV阳性，其中403人（52.0%）为当前感染。抗-HCV血清转化的发病率从2017年的每10万PY 408例降至2022年的每10万PY 218例，感染发病率从2017年的每10万PY 172例降至2022年的每10万PY 118例。男性、18 - 39岁的人群以及最后在监狱中进行HCV检测的人抗-HCV血清转化和HCV感染的发病率最高，而最后在血库和产前护理期间进行筛查的人发病率最低。
尽管观察到发病率有所下降，但特定亚组中重复献血者的HCV感染发病率仍然很高。佐治亚州的丙型肝炎预防、筛查和治疗干预措施需要特别关注被监禁人群和年轻人。
