Polet H, Molnar J, Goral J
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 Apr 8;886(1):33-9. doi: 10.1016/0167-4889(86)90208-9.
Tryptophan, phenylalanine and leucine have two parallel effects in cultured lymphocytes, they inhibit cellular proteolysis and increase the translocation of non-histone proteins to the nucleus. The latter is associated with an increased cellular binding of [3H]actinomycin D, indicating an altered structure of chromatin. The amino acids also inhibit the cellular uptake of [3H]chloroquine, suggesting that inhibited protein degradation is lysosomal. Several amine catabolites of tryptophan and phenylalanine, some of which are known to play a role as biogenic amines, have similar actions, and can explain, at least in part, the effects of their parent amino acids. Fractionation of the nuclear 3H-labeled non-histone proteins according to pH 2.5-6.5 shows that such proteins with a high rate of degradation in untreated cells correspond to the 3H-labeled non-histone proteins with a high rate of translocation in tryptophan treated cells. These data suggest that the degradation and the translocation of the non-histone proteins are linked and that the increased translocation of the non-histone proteins to the nucleus may be the consequence of inhibited lysosomal degradation of these proteins by the amino acids.
色氨酸、苯丙氨酸和亮氨酸在培养的淋巴细胞中具有两种平行效应，它们抑制细胞蛋白水解，并增加非组蛋白向细胞核的转运。后者与细胞对[3H]放线菌素D结合增加有关，表明染色质结构发生改变。这些氨基酸还抑制细胞对[3H]氯喹的摄取，提示被抑制的蛋白质降解是溶酶体性的。色氨酸和苯丙氨酸的几种胺类分解代谢产物，其中一些已知作为生物胺发挥作用，具有类似作用，并且至少部分可以解释其母体氨基酸的效应。根据pH 2.5 - 6.5对细胞核3H标记的非组蛋白进行分级分离表明，在未处理细胞中降解速率高的此类蛋白质对应于在色氨酸处理细胞中转运速率高的3H标记非组蛋白。这些数据表明，非组蛋白的降解和转运是相关的，非组蛋白向细胞核转运增加可能是这些氨基酸抑制这些蛋白质的溶酶体降解的结果。
