Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
J Headache Pain. 2024 Nov 18;25(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s10194-024-01908-x.
In recent years, miRNAs found in biological fluids have gained interest as biomarkers of numerous conditions, including migraine. This study aimed to identify differences in the levels of circulating miRNAs in the serum of migraineurs as compared to healthy controls, as well as between patients with different types of migraine and during the ictal and nonictal phases of the condition.
The screening phase of the study included serum from 13 migraine patients and 13 sex and age matched controls. A panel of 179 miRNAs was analysed using locked nucleic acid SYBR based qPCR. Based on statistical analysis (U Mann-Whitney test) and data from existing literature, nine miRNAs were selected for validation by TaqMan qPCR in an independent cohort of 26 migraineurs and eleven healthy controls. For comparison between the study and control group, U Mann-Whitney test was performed. The differences between patients with chronic and episodic migraine, migraine with and without aura and in ictal and nonictal phases were analysed with Kruskal-Wallis test. The results were corrected for multiple comparisons using Benjamini-Hochberg method. In all analysis p value ≤ 0,05 was considered as significant.
Two miRNAs, miR-145-5p and miR-26a-5p were significantly upregulated in serum of migraineurs compared to healthy controls. MiRNA-19a-3p was downregulated in patients currently experiencing migraine headache compared to those in the interictal period. No differences were found between patients with different migraine types.
The results of our study add to the growing body of evidence for dysregulation of the circulating miRNA profile by migraine. They are further supported by previous reports on differential expression of miR-145-5p, miR-26a-5p and miR-19a-3p in migraineurs. However, more research on larger populations is needed to validate these findings, as well as elucidate the role of circulating miRNAs in the condition. Moreover, to wholly explore the biomarker potential of miRNAs, migraine patients should not only be compared to healthy controls but also to populations with different headache disorders.
近年来，生物体液中的 miRNAs 作为多种疾病（包括偏头痛）的生物标志物引起了人们的兴趣。本研究旨在比较偏头痛患者与健康对照者血清中循环 miRNAs 水平的差异，以及不同类型偏头痛患者在发作期和非发作期之间的差异。
本研究的筛选阶段包括 13 例偏头痛患者和 13 例性别和年龄匹配的对照者的血清。采用基于锁核酸（LNA）的 SYBR 实时定量 PCR 分析了 179 个 miRNA 表达谱。基于统计学分析（U 曼-惠特尼检验）和现有文献数据，选择了 9 个 miRNA 通过 TaqMan 实时定量 PCR 在一个包含 26 例偏头痛患者和 11 例健康对照者的独立队列中进行验证。为了比较研究组和对照组，采用 U 曼-惠特尼检验。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验分析慢性偏头痛和发作性偏头痛患者、有先兆偏头痛和无先兆偏头痛患者以及发作期和非发作期患者之间的差异。采用 Benjamini-Hochberg 方法校正多重比较。所有分析中，p 值≤0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
与健康对照组相比，miR-145-5p 和 miR-26a-5p 在偏头痛患者血清中显著上调。与发作间期相比，当前处于偏头痛发作期的患者血清中 miRNA-19a-3p 下调。不同类型偏头痛患者之间无差异。
本研究结果进一步支持偏头痛患者循环 miRNA 谱失调的证据，同时也进一步支持先前关于 miR-145-5p、miR-26a-5p 和 miR-19a-3p 在偏头痛患者中差异表达的报道。然而，还需要对更大的人群进行更多的研究来验证这些发现，并阐明循环 miRNAs 在偏头痛中的作用。此外，为了全面探索 miRNA 的生物标志物潜力，不仅应将偏头痛患者与健康对照者进行比较，还应与具有不同头痛疾病的人群进行比较。
