Tufan-Cetin Ozge, Cetin Huseyin
Department of Environmental Protection Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Türkiye.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Türkiye.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 30;10(21):e39958. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39958. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of cedar ( A. Rich.) tar against adults of the cat flea Bouché, a significant ectoparasite affecting both domestic and stray animals.
Tar was obtained through traditional pyrolytic decomposition of cedar wood in the Elmali district of Antalya, Türkiye. The volatile compounds in the tar were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The tar was tested at various concentrations-100 % (pure tar), 50 % tar, 25 % tar, and 10 % tar. Its efficacy was compared to a 0.5 % concentration of fipronil. Fleas were collected from six locations and exposed to treated filter papers for 1 h. Mortality was assessed after 24 h, and statistical analyses, including one-way ANOVA and probit analysis, were performed to determine LC and LC values.
The major components of tar identified were β-himachalene (29.16 %) and α-atlantone (28.70 %). The effectiveness of tar was concentration-dependent, with higher concentrations showing flea mortality rates comparable to fipronil. In Kepez-Teomanpaşa, LC and LC values were 8.52 % tar and 20.24 % tar respectively, indicating high sensitivity, whereas in Konyaaltı-Pınarbası, LC and LC values were 19.48 % tar and 46.91 % tar, suggesting reduced susceptibility. The highest concentration (pure tar) resulted in 100 % mortality across all locations, similar to fipronil.
tar demonstrates significant potential as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical insecticides for controlling flea infestations, with its efficacy varying by region. The findings highlight the need for considering regional differences in susceptibility when developing pest control strategies.
本研究旨在评估雪松（A. Rich.）焦油对猫栉首蚤成虫的杀虫效果，猫栉首蚤是一种影响家养和流浪动物的重要体外寄生虫。
焦油是通过在土耳其安塔利亚的埃尔马利区对雪松木材进行传统热解分解获得的。使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）对焦油中的挥发性化合物进行了表征。焦油在不同浓度下进行了测试——100%（纯焦油）、50%焦油、25%焦油和10%焦油。将其效果与0.5%浓度的氟虫腈进行了比较。从六个地点收集跳蚤，并将其暴露于处理过的滤纸上1小时。24小时后评估死亡率，并进行了包括单因素方差分析和概率分析在内的统计分析，以确定LC和LC值。
鉴定出的焦油主要成分是β - 喜玛拉烯（29.16%）和α - 大西洋酮（28.70%）。焦油的有效性取决于浓度，较高浓度显示出与氟虫腈相当的跳蚤死亡率。在凯佩兹 - 特奥曼帕şa，LC和LC值分别为8.52%焦油和20.24%焦油，表明敏感性高，而在科尼亚阿尔蒂 - 皮纳尔巴şı，LC和LC值分别为19.48%焦油和46.91%焦油，表明敏感性降低。最高浓度（纯焦油）在所有地点均导致100%死亡率，与氟虫腈相似。
焦油作为控制跳蚤侵扰的化学杀虫剂的环保替代品具有显著潜力，其效果因地区而异。研究结果强调了在制定害虫控制策略时考虑敏感性区域差异的必要性。
