Ziobro Julie, Pilon Betsy, Wusthoff Courtney J, Benedetti Giulia M, Massey Shavonne L, Yozawitz Elissa, Numis Adam L, Pressler Ronit, Shellhaas Renée A
Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Hope for HIE, West Bloomfield, MI, USA.
Epilepsy Curr. 2024 May 22:15357597241253382. doi: 10.1177/15357597241253382.
Neonates are susceptible to seizures due to their unique physiology and combination of risks associated with gestation, delivery, and the immediate postnatal period. Advances in neonatal care have improved outcomes for some of our most fragile patients, but there are persistent challenges for epileptologists in identifying neonatal seizures, diagnosing etiologies, and providing the most appropriate care, with an ultimate goal to maximize patient outcomes. In just the last few years, there have been critical advances in the state of the science, as well as new evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis, classification, and treatment of neonatal seizures. This review will provide updated knowledge about the pathophysiology of neonatal seizures, classification of the provoked seizures and neonatal epilepsies, state of the art guidance on EEG monitoring in the neonatal ICU, current treatment guidelines for neonatal seizures, and potential for future advancement in treatment.
由于新生儿独特的生理机能以及与妊娠、分娩和出生后即刻相关的一系列风险因素，新生儿易患癫痫发作。新生儿护理方面的进展改善了一些最脆弱患者的预后，但癫痫专家在识别新生儿癫痫发作、诊断病因以及提供最恰当护理方面仍面临持续挑战，最终目标是使患者预后达到最佳。就在过去几年里，该领域取得了重大科学进展，同时也有了基于新证据的新生儿癫痫发作诊断、分类和治疗指南。本综述将提供有关新生儿癫痫发作病理生理学、诱发性癫痫发作和新生儿癫痫分类、新生儿重症监护病房脑电图监测的最新指导、新生儿癫痫发作的当前治疗指南以及未来治疗进展潜力的最新知识。
