Wakabayashi Hidetaka, Kakehi Shingo, Nagano Ayano, Kishima Masako, Itoda Masataka, Nishioka Shinta, Momosaki Ryo
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital Tokyo Japan.
Department of Nursing Nishinomiya Kyoritsu Neurosurgical Hospital Nishinomiya Japan.
J Gen Fam Med. 2024 Jul 24;25(6):343-350. doi: 10.1002/jgf2.722. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia are unknown. The purpose is to characterize age and sex differences in sarcopenic dysphagia.
A cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study using information from the Japanese database on sarcopenic dysphagia was performed. We investigated age and sex differences between sarcopenic dysphagia and other forms of dysphagia. We investigated whether differences in prognosis for swallowing function, as assessed by the Food Intake Level Scale, and activities of daily living (ADL), as assessed by the Barthel Index were influenced by age and sex in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia.
The study included 460 patients, including 229 men and 231 women, with a mean age of 81 ± 10 years. Fifty-eight percent of the patients had sarcopenic dysphagia. Age was independently associated with sarcopenic dysphagia (odds ratio (OR): 1.056, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.035, 1.078), although sarcopenic dysphagia could also be seen in those younger than 65 years. Sex was not independently associated with sarcopenic dysphagia. The age cut-off for the diagnosis of sarcopenic dysphagia was 82 years in all patients (sensitivity, 0.660; specificity, 0.644), 80 years in men (sensitivity, 0.619; specificity, 0.631), and 83 years in women (sensitivity, 0.723; specificity, 0.577). Sarcopenic dysphagia showed no significant differences in the improvement of swallowing function and ADL based on age and sex.
Sarcopenic dysphagia was most common in older adults in their 80s or older. The possibility of sarcopenic dysphagia should be considered when dysphagia is present in people 80 years of age or older.
肌肉减少性吞咽困难的年龄和性别差异尚不清楚。目的是描述肌肉减少性吞咽困难的年龄和性别差异。
利用日本肌肉减少性吞咽困难数据库中的信息进行了一项横断面回顾性队列研究。我们调查了肌肉减少性吞咽困难与其他形式吞咽困难之间的年龄和性别差异。我们研究了在肌肉减少性吞咽困难患者中，由食物摄入水平量表评估的吞咽功能预后差异以及由巴氏指数评估的日常生活活动（ADL）差异是否受年龄和性别的影响。
该研究纳入了460例患者，其中男性229例，女性231例，平均年龄81±10岁。58%的患者患有肌肉减少性吞咽困难。年龄与肌肉减少性吞咽困难独立相关（优势比（OR）：1.056，95%置信区间（CI）：1.035，1.078），尽管65岁以下人群中也可见肌肉减少性吞咽困难。性别与肌肉减少性吞咽困难无独立相关性。所有患者中肌肉减少性吞咽困难的诊断年龄切点为82岁（敏感性，0.660；特异性，0.644），男性为80岁（敏感性，0.619；特异性，0.631），女性为83岁（敏感性，0.723；特异性，0.577）。肌肉减少性吞咽困难在吞咽功能和ADL改善方面，基于年龄和性别未显示出显著差异。
肌肉减少性吞咽困难在80岁及以上的老年人中最为常见。80岁及以上出现吞咽困难的人群应考虑肌肉减少性吞咽困难的可能性。
