Beye S A, Maiga A, Cissoko Y, Guindo I, Dicko O A, Maiga M, Abeghe Angoué T A, Diakité M, Diallo B, Dao S, Coulibaly Y, Fofana D B
Département anesthesie reanimation. CHU Point G.
Département du laboratoire d'analyse biomédicale. CHU Point G.
Rev Mali Infect Microbiol. 2024;19(1):45-49. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
The aim of this study was to determine the hospital prevalence of nosocomial infections.
This was a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study conducted over a period of six (6) weeks.
463 patients stayed for at least 48 hours. Of these, 57 patients were included, representing a prevalence of 12.3%. Mean age was 45.4 ± 20.8 years. Average length of stay was 21.7 ± 12.7 days. Patients came from intensive care (17.5%), internal medicine and neurology (15.8% each). HIV immunodepression was found in 14%. An invasive device was present in 93% of cases. Microbiological samples taken were: urine cytobacteriological examination (36 cases), pus sampling (19 cases), blood culture (23 cases). Infections were urinary (30 cases), surgical site (16 cases), bacteremia (15 cases), ventilator-associated pneumonia (2 cases). A germ was isolated from these samples in 94.4% of cases. The germs found were enterobacteria (33 cases), non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (12 cases), Gram-positive cocci (6 cases) and yeasts (3 cases). The ecology was dominated by a high level of resistance among the germs involved in these infections.
This study showed a high prevalence of nosocomial infections, with a varied resistance profile of the germs involved. It is important to extend this work in order to learn from it.
本研究的目的是确定医院内感染的医院患病率。
这是一项为期六（6）周的前瞻性横断面描述性研究。
463名患者住院至少48小时。其中，57名患者被纳入研究，患病率为12.3%。平均年龄为45.4±20.8岁。平均住院时间为21.7±12.7天。患者来自重症监护病房（17.5%）、内科和神经科（各15.8%）。14%的患者存在HIV免疫抑制。93%的病例存在侵入性装置。采集的微生物样本包括：尿细胞细菌学检查（36例）、脓液采样（19例）、血培养（23例）。感染类型为泌尿系统感染（30例）、手术部位感染（16例）、菌血症（15例）、呼吸机相关性肺炎（2例）。94.4%的病例从这些样本中分离出病菌。分离出的病菌有肠杆菌（33例）、非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌（12例）、革兰氏阳性球菌（6例）和酵母菌（3例）。这些感染所涉及的病菌中存在高水平的耐药性，主导了病菌生态。
本研究表明医院内感染患病率较高，且所涉及病菌的耐药情况各异。扩展这项工作以从中吸取经验教训很重要。
