Loser Valentin, Vicino Alex, Théaudin Marie
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Nerve-Muscle Unit, Service of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Front Neurol. 2024 Nov 1;15:1495205. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1495205. eCollection 2024.
A great proportion of neuromuscular diseases are immune-mediated, included myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, acute- and chronic-onset autoimmune neuropathies (anti-MAG neuropathy, multifocal motor neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndromes, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, CANDA and autoimmune nodopathies), autoimmune neuronopathies, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndromes and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. The detection of autoantibodies against neuromuscular structures has many diagnostic and therapeutic implications and, over time, allowed a better understanding of the physiopathology of those disorders. In this paper, we will review the main autoantibodies described in neuromuscular diseases and focus on their use in clinical practice.
很大一部分神经肌肉疾病是免疫介导的,包括重症肌无力、兰伯特-伊顿肌无力综合征、急慢性自身免疫性神经病(抗MAG神经病、多灶性运动神经病、吉兰-巴雷综合征、慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病、CANDA和自身免疫性结节病)、自身免疫性神经元病、周围神经兴奋性增高综合征和特发性炎症性肌病。针对神经肌肉结构的自身抗体检测具有许多诊断和治疗意义,并且随着时间的推移,有助于更好地理解这些疾病的生理病理学。在本文中,我们将回顾神经肌肉疾病中描述的主要自身抗体,并重点关注它们在临床实践中的应用。