Normandie University, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.
Normandie University, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, CHU de Caen, France.
Cortex. 2024 Dec;181:194-203. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.10.016. Epub 2024 Nov 8.
Adolescence is a critical period where individuals build their identity and consolidate how they interact with others. However, for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the development of identity and social bounds is at stake. These challenges with the development of identity and social bonds could be linked to difficulties in autobiographical memory (AM), whether recalling past events (past episodic memory; past EM) or imagining future scenarios (episodic future thinking; EFT). To date, developmental patterns of AM over time remain poorly understood in ASD. Eleven adolescents with ASD or typical development (TD) completed an assessment of past EM and EFT once per year for three years. Preliminary results show that past EM becomes more detailed over the years for adolescents with ASD, while there is no change for TD adolescents. Interestingly, only the content elements of the narrated events are increasing, not the context elements. Furthermore, EFT evolves in the TD group but remains stable in the ASD group. This first multi-case longitudinal study of AM needs to be replicated with more participants, but it seems to indicate a heterogeneous evolution of AM in ASD. For future studies, these results will lead us to explore the hypothesis of developmental delay and the factors influencing AM development in ASD. Finally, understanding these developmental pathways highlights the importance of personalized therapeutic approaches to support social integration, identity construction, and future projects for adolescents with ASD.
青春期是一个关键时期，个体在此期间建立自我认同并巩固与他人互动的方式。然而，对于患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年来说，自我认同和社会联系的发展受到了影响。这种自我认同和社会联系发展的挑战可能与自传体记忆 (AM) 有关，无论是回忆过去的事件（过去情节记忆；过去 EM）还是想象未来的情景（情节未来思维；EFT）。迄今为止，ASD 中 AM 随时间的发展模式仍知之甚少。11 名 ASD 或典型发育 (TD) 青少年每年进行一次过去 EM 和 EFT 评估，共进行三年。初步结果表明，ASD 青少年的过去 EM 随着时间的推移变得更加详细，而 TD 青少年则没有变化。有趣的是，只有叙述事件的内容元素在增加，而不是上下文元素。此外，EFT 在 TD 组中发展，但在 ASD 组中保持稳定。这是第一项关于 AM 的多案例纵向研究，需要有更多的参与者来进行复制，但它似乎表明 ASD 中 AM 的发展存在异质性。对于未来的研究，这些结果将引导我们探索 ASD 中 AM 发展的发育延迟假说以及影响 AM 发展的因素。最后，理解这些发展途径强调了为 ASD 青少年提供个性化治疗方法以支持其社会融合、身份构建和未来计划的重要性。
