Beran Michael J, Englund Maisy D, Haseltine Elizabeth L, Agrillo Christian, Parrish Audrey E
Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2024 Nov;86(8):2877-2887. doi: 10.3758/s13414-024-02977-5. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Humans and many other species show consistent patterns of responding when making relative quantity ("more or less") judgments of stimuli. This includes the well-established ratio effect that determines the degree of discriminability among sets of items according to Weber's Law. However, humans and other species also are susceptible to some errors in accurately representing quantity, and these illusions reflect important aspects of the relation of perception to quantity representation. One newly described illusion in humans is the connectedness illusion, in which arrays with items that are connected to each other tend to be underestimated relative to arrays without such connection. In this pre-registered report, we assessed whether this illusion occurred in other species, testing rhesus macaque monkeys and capuchin monkeys. Contrary to our pre-registered predictions, monkeys showed an opposite bias to humans, preferring to select arrays with connected items as being more numerous. Thus, monkeys do not show this illusion to the same extent as humans.
人类和许多其他物种在对刺激进行相对数量（“更多或更少”）判断时表现出一致的反应模式。这包括根据韦伯定律确定项目集之间可辨别程度的既定比率效应。然而，人类和其他物种在准确表征数量方面也容易出现一些错误，这些错觉反映了感知与数量表征关系的重要方面。一种新描述的人类错觉是连通性错觉，其中相互连接的项目组成的阵列相对于没有这种连接的阵列往往会被低估。在这份预先注册的报告中，我们评估了这种错觉是否在其他物种中出现，对恒河猴和卷尾猴进行了测试。与我们预先注册的预测相反，猴子表现出与人类相反的偏差，更喜欢选择有连接项目的阵列，认为其数量更多。因此，猴子表现出这种错觉的程度与人类不同。
