Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Eye Disease and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of SooChow University, Suzhou, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Nov 18;24(1):502. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03759-1.
To investigate the quantitative vascular and structural differences in the foveal region of the eyes in retinopathy of prematurity children with or without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy and healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
This cross-sectional study analyzed 75 eyes from 44 subjects, categorized into four groups: ROP children treated with Conbercept or Ranibizumab, spontaneously regressed ROP, and healthy age-matched children. Using spectral-domain OCT and OCTA, we assessed parameters like central foveal thickness (CFT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial/deep capillary plexus (SCP/DCP), and choroidal vessel density (VD) at the fovea. Correlations between foveal microvasculature, preterm status and visual acuity were evaluated.
Significant differences were found in FAZ area, CFT, and VD-SCP (parafoveal) among the groups. The FAZ area was smaller in ROP children (with/without treatment) than in healthy counterparts(p = 0.009). CFT was higher in the Ranibizumab and spontaneously regressed groups compared to healthy ones (p = 0.043, p = 0.037), while Conbercept-treated children showed no significant difference (p = 0.886). Foveal VD trends were higher in groups A, B, and C compared to group D. FAZ area correlated negatively with CFT, VD-SCP (foveal), and VD-DCP (foveal) (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001), and positively with choroidal VD (p = 0.012). CFT showed positive correlations with VD-SCP (foveal) and VD-DCP (foveal) (p = 0.003, p = 0.001).
ROP children exhibit a smaller FAZ area compared to healthy group, with no significant difference noted when comparing the use of different anti-VEGF agents. ROP children have a thicker CFT than healthy children, except for those treated with Conbercept. Furthermore, microvascular irregularities were correlated with central foveal thickness.
使用光相干断层扫描血管造影术（OCTA）研究早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）患儿接受抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）治疗和未接受治疗与健康儿童之间的黄斑区血管和结构的定量差异。
这项横断面研究分析了 44 名患者的 75 只眼，分为 4 组：接受康柏西普或雷珠单抗治疗的 ROP 儿童、自发消退的 ROP 儿童和年龄匹配的健康儿童。使用频域 OCT 和 OCTA，评估中央视网膜厚度（CFT）、无血管区（FAZ）、浅层/深层毛细血管丛（SCP/DCP）和黄斑区脉络膜血管密度（VD）等参数。评估黄斑区微血管与早产儿状态和视力的相关性。
各组间 FAZ 面积、CFT 和 VD-SCP（旁中心）存在显著差异。与健康对照组相比，ROP 患儿（治疗组和未治疗组）的 FAZ 面积更小（p=0.009）。与健康对照组相比，雷珠单抗组和自发消退组的 CFT 更高（p=0.043，p=0.037），而康柏西普组无显著差异（p=0.886）。与 D 组相比，A、B 和 C 组的黄斑区 VD 趋势较高。FAZ 面积与 CFT、VD-SCP（黄斑中心凹）和 VD-DCP（黄斑中心凹）呈负相关（p<0.001，p<0.001，p=0.001），与脉络膜 VD 呈正相关（p=0.012）。CFT 与 VD-SCP（黄斑中心凹）和 VD-DCP（黄斑中心凹）呈正相关（p=0.003，p=0.001）。
与健康组相比，ROP 患儿的 FAZ 面积较小，使用不同抗 VEGF 药物治疗无显著差异。ROP 患儿的 CFT 比健康儿童厚，除了接受康柏西普治疗的儿童。此外，微血管异常与中央视网膜厚度相关。
