Li Sicheng, Lu Liyong, Xian Wenpan, Li Jiawei, Xu Shuaiming, Chen Jiajin, Wang Yan
Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Dec;288:117349. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117349. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Light exposure is thought to be associated with blood pressure (BP). However, the existing evidence is inconsistent, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
This cohort study enrolled over 300,000 participants from the UK Biobank. Information on the time spent in outdoor light during typical summer and winter days was collected using questionnaires. Cases of hypertension and hypotension were identified using the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases codes. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to estimate the lightBP associations, and restricted cubic splines were utilized to detect potential nonlinear associations. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify effect modifiers, and causal mediation analyses were performed to explore potential mechanisms.
Using summer light exposure as an illustration, after a median follow-up of 13.4 years, each additional hour of summer light exposure was found to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] 1.011, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.0061.017, P-nonlinear=0.803) and a decreased risk of hypotension (0.988, 0.9770.998, P-nonlinear=0.109). The lightBP association was found to be stronger in females (P=0.022), those with short sleep durations (P=0.049), and those with a high genetic risk of hypertension (P<0.001). Potential mechanisms included increases in biological age (proportion mediated, 24.1 %, P<0.001), neutrophil count (5.4 %, P<0.001), body mass index (32.0 %, P<0.001), etc. CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a positive lightBP association. Potential mechanisms include inflammation, aging, and lifestyle changes. Further epidemiological and experimental investigations are necessary to validate these findings.
光照被认为与血压（BP）有关。然而，现有证据并不一致，其潜在机制仍不清楚。
这项队列研究纳入了来自英国生物银行的30多万名参与者。通过问卷调查收集了典型夏季和冬季在户外光照下所花费时间的信息。使用国际疾病分类第10版代码确定高血压和低血压病例。采用Cox比例风险回归模型估计光照与血压的关联，并使用受限立方样条来检测潜在的非线性关联。进行亚组分析以确定效应修饰因素，并进行因果中介分析以探索潜在机制。
以夏季光照暴露为例，在中位随访13.4年后，发现夏季光照暴露每增加一小时与高血压风险增加相关（风险比[HR]1.011，95%置信区间[CI]1.006-1.017，非线性P=0.803），与低血压风险降低相关（0.988，0.977-0.998，非线性P=0.109）。发现光照与血压的关联在女性中更强（P=0.022）、睡眠时长较短者中更强（P=0.049）以及高血压遗传风险高者中更强（P<0.001）。潜在机制包括生物年龄增加（中介比例，24.1%，P<0.001）、中性粒细胞计数增加（5.4%，P<0.001）、体重指数增加（32.0%，P<0.001）等。结论：我们的研究揭示了光照与血压之间存在正相关。潜在机制包括炎症、衰老和生活方式改变。需要进一步的流行病学和实验研究来验证这些发现。
