Trends and characteristics of herpes zoster vaccination among older adults with asthma in the United States, 2008-2023: Findings from self-reported national surveys.

BACKGROUND

Asthma is a risk factor for herpes zoster. However, evidence regarding herpes zoster vaccination among patients with asthma is limited. Since the recommendations and availability of herpes zoster vaccines in the U.S. have changed over time, a comprehensive investigation into herpes zoster vaccination is crucial.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to assess the trends and determinants of herpes zoster vaccination among U.S. adults with asthma aged 50 and over.

METHODS

Data from the 2008-2023 National Health Interview Survey were used. Data were analyzed in October 2024. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to analyze trends in herpes zoster vaccination. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with herpes zoster vaccination.

RESULTS

This study included 20,664 respondents, representing approximately 8.6 million U.S. adults with asthma aged 50 and over. From 2008 to 2023, a significantly increasing trend in herpes zoster vaccination was observed (average annual percent change = 13.48; 95 % CI, 9.35, 17.77; P < 0.01). This increasing trend was also observed when stratified by age groups. Several factors, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, region, educational level, income, asthma control, and flu vaccination, were associated with herpes zoster vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

Over the past 16 years, herpes zoster vaccine coverage sharply increased among U.S. adults with asthma aged 50 and over. Disparities in several characteristics exist, underscoring the necessity for targeted policies and interventions to promote equity in herpes zoster vaccination rates.