Lee D, Ahn K, Yun K, Oh Y, Park Y S, Kim Y S, Gim J-A, Mun S, Mun J-W, Han K, Ahn Y J
Department of Surgery, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.
HuNBiome, R&D Center, Gasan digital 1-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Benef Microbes. 2024 Nov 14;16(2):201-219. doi: 10.1163/18762891-bja00051.
The current approaches for detecting most colorectal polyps and early neoplasms lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity, potentially hindering treatment and ultimately reducing survival rates. Here, we performed a metagenomic analysis to identify microbiome markers in stool samples from patients with early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC). We compared the composition of gut microbiota between patients with CRC and healthy individuals, specifically focusing on patients with early-stage CRC, defined as those without core mutations (KRAS, BRAF) for CRC diagnosis, stable microsatellite instability, and distant metastasis. The aim of our study is to identify potential biomarkers from gut microbiota at different cancer stages in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, thereby proposing a novel non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of CRC. Specific microbes were detected from groups divided based on the TNM criteria, with one group classified by tumour size only (named the T group) and another group with lymph node metastasis (named the TN group). Aerobic bacteria, such as Delftia, Stenotrophomonas, Sphingobacterium, Rhodococcus, Devosia, Ensifer, and Psychrobacter were predominantly detected in patients with CRC without lymph node metastasis. The diagnostic prediction was evaluated using the CatBoost algorithm; these microbes presented high diagnostic accuracy with a receiver operating characteristics-area under curve of 0.8, which was validated using qPCR. In conclusion, this study identified specific aerobic microbial groups as non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis in patients with CRC without genetic or environmental factors.
目前用于检测大多数结直肠息肉和早期肿瘤的方法缺乏足够的敏感性和特异性，这可能会阻碍治疗并最终降低生存率。在此，我们进行了宏基因组分析，以鉴定早期结直肠癌（CRC）患者粪便样本中的微生物组标志物。我们比较了CRC患者与健康个体之间肠道微生物群的组成，特别关注早期CRC患者，即那些在CRC诊断中没有核心突变（KRAS、BRAF）、微卫星不稳定性稳定且无远处转移的患者。我们研究的目的是通过16S rRNA扩增子测序，在结直肠癌（CRC）患者的不同癌症阶段从肠道微生物群中鉴定潜在的生物标志物，从而提出一种用于CRC早期诊断的新型非侵入性方法。根据TNM标准对组进行划分后检测到了特定微生物，一组仅按肿瘤大小分类（称为T组），另一组有淋巴结转移（称为TN组）。在无淋巴结转移的CRC患者中主要检测到需氧菌，如代尔夫特菌属、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、鞘氨醇单胞菌、红球菌属、德沃斯氏菌属、剑菌属和嗜冷杆菌属。使用CatBoost算法评估诊断预测；这些微生物具有较高的诊断准确性，受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.8，并通过qPCR进行了验证。总之，本研究确定了特定的需氧微生物群作为无遗传或环境因素的CRC患者早期诊断的非侵入性生物标志物。
