García A L, Pérez Zamora C M, Michaluk A G, Nuñez M B, Gonzalez A M, Torres C A
Laboratorio de Farmacotecnia y Farmacognosia, Instituto de Investigaciones en Procesos Tecnológicos Avanzados (INIPTA, CONICET-UNCAUS), Comandante Fernández N° 755. Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco, Argentina.
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, Comandante Fernández N° 755. Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco, Argentina.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Dec;283(Pt 4):137802. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137802. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
The mucilage is an interesting compound found in cladodes of species of Opuntia (Cactaceae). The aim of this work was to extract the mucilages from Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) and O. quimilo (OQ) cladodes and to examine their physicochemical characteristics, microstructure, and functional properties in solution. The mucilages exhibited high contents of carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals. Both mucilages presented a diverse monosaccharide composition, mainly constituted of galactose and arabinose. The FTIR spectra showed characteristic polysaccharide nature, whereas the diffractograms demonstrated an amorphous structure. The intrinsic viscosity of OFI mucilage was 3.08 dL/g, while that of OQ mucilage was 10.33 dL/g. Although the molecular weights of both mucilages are in the order of those of commercial gums, that of OQ was higher. This is consistent with the pseudoplastic behavior of OQ mucilage. However, OFI mucilage showed Newtonian behavior over the range of concentrations evaluated. This is fully consistent with that of semi-diluted solutions and in accordance with the lower molecular weight of this mucilage. The mucilages presented maximum solubility at 60 °C, although the mucilage of OFI was slightly more soluble than that of OQ. The chemical composition and functional properties of the mucilages can be affected by the extraction method and conditions.
黏液是一种在仙人掌科仙人掌属植物的肉质茎中发现的有趣化合物。这项工作的目的是从印度榕仙人掌（OFI）和基米洛仙人掌（OQ）的肉质茎中提取黏液，并研究它们在溶液中的物理化学特性、微观结构和功能特性。黏液含有高含量的碳水化合物、蛋白质和矿物质。两种黏液都呈现出多样的单糖组成，主要由半乳糖和阿拉伯糖构成。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示出典型的多糖性质，而衍射图谱表明其具有无定形结构。OFI黏液的特性黏度为3.08 dL/g，而OQ黏液的特性黏度为10.33 dL/g。尽管两种黏液的分子量都与商业胶的分子量处于同一量级，但OQ的分子量更高。这与OQ黏液的假塑性行为一致。然而，OFI黏液在所评估的浓度范围内表现出牛顿流体行为。这与半稀释溶液的情况完全一致，并且与这种黏液较低的分子量相符。黏液在60°C时溶解度最高，不过OFI黏液的溶解度略高于OQ黏液。黏液的化学成分和功能特性会受到提取方法和条件的影响。
