Gale Jennifer T, Peddie Meredith C, Hargreaves Elaine A
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Int J Behav Med. 2024 Nov 19. doi: 10.1007/s12529-024-10334-x.
Experimental research has established the benefits of interrupting prolonged periods of sedentary behaviour in the evening with regular activity breaks. Research should now focus on how people can be encouraged and supported to engage in this behaviour. This study explores the barriers and facilitators unique to performing regular activity breaks in the evening mapped to the Capability Opportunity and Motivation model of Behaviour (COM-B), to inform future free-living intervention development.
Individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 participants (female n = 20, mean (SD) age 25.4 (5.5) years) who had participated in a laboratory-based, evening regular activity breaks intervention. Questions explored barriers and facilitators to incorporating regular activity breaks into their everyday lives at home in the evening. The interview transcripts were analyzed inductively first using thematic analysis, and then mapped, where relevant, to the COM-B model to link the themes to theoretical factors influencing behaviour change.
'Awareness of the benefits' of performing regular activity breaks, along with having the 'Memory and attention required to change behaviour' (e.g., reminders to overcome forgetfulness) influenced participant's psychological capability to perform this behaviour in the evening at home. 'Characteristics of the regular activity break exercises' enhanced physical capability as the exercises were easy and simple. The theme 'Social influences on behaviour' was mapped to social opportunity and described that others present in their home environment could support or hinder the behaviour, dependent on whether they were also taking regular activity breaks or not. 'Motivation' such as working towards a goal (facilitator) or not wanting to interrupt current sedentary behaviours (barrier) explained how reflective motivation, could influence taking regular activity breaks. Additionally, this theme explained how laziness, tiredness and reinforcement of sedentary behaviour via the nature of streaming services could hinder individuals' automatic motivation to perform regular activity breaks in their habitual evening routines.
Capability, opportunity and motivation were all perceived to influence individuals' ability to interrupt habitual evening sedentary behaviour by performing regular activity breaks. To encourage people to perform this behaviour, a multicomponent intervention is required to improve capability by understanding the benefits, opportunity by utilizing social support and motivation by creating goals and action planning.
实验研究已证实，在晚上通过定期活动休息来打断长时间久坐行为具有益处。现在研究应聚焦于如何鼓励和支持人们养成这种行为习惯。本研究探讨了与行为的能力、机会和动机模型（COM-B）相对应的、在晚上进行定期活动休息所特有的障碍和促进因素，为未来自由生活干预措施的开发提供参考。
对28名参与者（女性20名，平均（标准差）年龄25.4（5.5）岁）进行了个人面对面的半结构化访谈，这些参与者曾参与一项基于实验室的晚上定期活动休息干预。问题探讨了在晚上将定期活动休息融入其日常生活的障碍和促进因素。访谈记录首先采用主题分析法进行归纳分析，然后在相关情况下映射到COM-B模型，将主题与影响行为改变的理论因素联系起来。
进行定期活动休息的“益处认知”，以及具备“改变行为所需的记忆和注意力”（例如，克服健忘的提醒），影响了参与者晚上在家中进行这种行为的心理能力。“定期活动休息锻炼的特点”增强了身体能力，因为这些锻炼简单易行。“社会对行为的影响”这一主题映射到社会机会，表明家庭环境中的其他人可能支持或阻碍这种行为，这取决于他们是否也在进行定期活动休息。诸如朝着目标努力（促进因素）或不想打断当前久坐行为（障碍）等“动机”解释了反思性动机如何影响进行定期活动休息。此外，该主题还解释了懒惰、疲劳以及流媒体服务的性质对久坐行为的强化如何阻碍个体在惯常的晚上日常活动中进行定期活动休息的自动动机。
能力、机会和动机都被认为会影响个体通过进行定期活动休息来打断习惯性晚上久坐行为的能力。为鼓励人们养成这种行为，需要一种多成分干预措施，通过了解益处来提高能力，通过利用社会支持来增加机会，通过设定目标和制定行动计划来激发动机。
