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通过下调 PIK3C3 实现色素性干皮病 C 型表型的合成拯救。

Synthetic rescue of Xeroderma Pigmentosum C phenotype via PIK3C3 downregulation.

机构信息

Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG, UA13 BGE, Biomics, Grenoble, France.

Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon.

出版信息

Cell Death Dis. 2024 Nov 19;15(11):847. doi: 10.1038/s41419-024-07186-4.

Abstract

Xeroderma Pigmentosum C is a dermal hereditary disease caused by a mutation in the DNA damage recognition protein XPC that belongs to the Nucleotide excision repair pathway. XPC patients display heightened sensitivity to light and an inability to mend DNA damage caused by UV radiation, resulting in the accumulation of lesions that can transform into mutations and eventually lead to cancer. To address this issue, we conducted a screening of siRNAs targeting human kinases, given their involvement in various DNA repair pathways, aiming to restore normal cellular behavior. We introduced this siRNA library into both normal and XPC patient-derived fibroblasts, followed by UVB exposure to induce DNA damage. We assessed the reversal of the XPC phenotype by measuring reduced photosensitivity and enhanced DNA repair. Among the 1292 kinase-targeting siRNAs screened, twenty-eight showed significant improvement in cellular survival compared to cells transfected with non-targeting siRNA after UV exposure in XPC cells. From these candidates, PIK3C3 and LATS1 were identified as particularly effective, promoting over 20% repair of 6-4 photoproduct (6-4PP) DNA lesions. Specifically targeting the autophagy-related protein PIK3C3 alone demonstrated remarkable photoprotective effects in XPC-affected cells, which were validated in primary XPC patient fibroblasts and CRISPR-Cas9 engineered XPC knockout keratinocytes. PIK3C3 knock down in XP-C cells ameliorated in UVB dose response analysis, decreased apoptosis with no effect on proliferation. More importantly, PIK3C3 knock down was found to induce an increase in UVRAG expression, a previously reported cDNA conveying lower photosensitivity in XP-C cells. Thus, attempts to improve the XPC photosensitive and deficient repair phenotype using PIK3C3 inhibitors could pave a way for new therapeutic approaches delaying or preventing tumor initiation.

摘要

着色性干皮病 C 是一种皮肤遗传性疾病,由 DNA 损伤识别蛋白 XPC 中的突变引起,属于核苷酸切除修复途径。XPC 患者对光敏感增高,无法修复由 UV 辐射引起的 DNA 损伤,导致损伤积累,可能转化为突变,并最终导致癌症。为了解决这个问题,我们筛选了针对人类激酶的 siRNA,因为它们参与了各种 DNA 修复途径,旨在恢复正常的细胞行为。我们将这个 siRNA 文库导入正常和 XPC 患者来源的成纤维细胞中,然后用 UVB 照射诱导 DNA 损伤。我们通过测量减少的光敏感性和增强的 DNA 修复来评估 XPC 表型的逆转。在筛选的 1292 个激酶靶向 siRNA 中,有 28 个在 XPC 细胞中经 UV 照射后,与转染非靶向 siRNA 的细胞相比,细胞存活率有显著改善。在这些候选物中,PIK3C3 和 LATS1 被鉴定为特别有效,可促进超过 20%的 6-4 光产物(6-4PP)DNA 损伤的修复。单独靶向自噬相关蛋白 PIK3C3 在受 XPC 影响的细胞中表现出显著的光保护作用,在原发性 XPC 患者成纤维细胞和 CRISPR-Cas9 工程化 XPC 敲除角质形成细胞中得到了验证。在 XP-C 细胞中敲低 PIK3C3 在 UVB 剂量反应分析中改善,凋亡减少而对增殖没有影响。更重要的是,发现 PIK3C3 敲低诱导 UVRAG 表达增加,这是先前报道的在 XP-C 细胞中降低光敏感性的 cDNA。因此,使用 PIK3C3 抑制剂改善 XPC 光敏和修复缺陷表型的尝试可能为新的治疗方法铺平道路,以延迟或预防肿瘤发生。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c705/11577109/d5592b65bdee/41419_2024_7186_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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