Galán-Rioja Miguel Ángel, González-Mohíno Fernando, Abián-Vicen Javier, Gonzalez-Ravé José María
Sport Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Faculty of Health, International University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
J Hum Kinet. 2024 Jul 17;94:105-115. doi: 10.5114/jhk/186976. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This study aimed to compare acute physiological responses during the W prime (W´) balance training model (W´BAL-INT) with performance in the critical power test (CP). Additionally, the study sought to determine the extent of neuromuscular and metabolic fatigue associated with severe and extreme intensity domains. Fourteen road master cyclists (13 male, 1 female) completed graded incremental exercise tests to determine their maximum oxygen uptake and 12-, 7- and 3-min maximal efforts to assess CP and W´ (CP). Additionally, they participated in a reconstitutive intermittent training session following the W´BAL-INT model. Physiological responses including oxygen uptake (V˙O), the heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa̅) concentration, and perceptual responses (RPE), were measured and compared to CP performance data. The W´BAL-INT induced steady-state physiological responses in V˙O (F = 0.76, p = 0.655) and absolute HR, relative HR and HR (F = 0.70, p = 0.704; F = 1.11, p = 0.359; F = 1.70, p = 0.095, respectively) comparable to CP. During the 3-min work intervals in the training session, V˙O was stable and similar to V˙O (54.2 ± 6.7 to 59.3 ± 4.9 ml·kg·min) in the CP. Furthermore, 4-min rest intervals facilitated recovery up to moderate fatigue levels (80-100% of W´ balance). HR responses were sensitive to interval intensity and accumulated time. Meanwhile, BLa̅ responses and the RPE increased fatigue development during W´BAL-INT. The W´BAL-INT training model generates consistent physiological responses in mean oxygen kinetics, the percentage of CP and the HR, similar to those observed during the CP. However, different physiological responses were observed in peak oxygen kinetics and W´ energy balance.
本研究旨在比较W′平衡训练模型（W′BAL-INT）期间的急性生理反应与临界功率测试（CP）中的表现。此外，该研究试图确定与重度和极量强度训练相关的神经肌肉和代谢疲劳程度。14名公路自行车运动员（13名男性，1名女性）完成了分级递增运动测试，以确定他们的最大摄氧量，并进行了12分钟、7分钟和3分钟的最大努力测试，以评估CP和W′（CP）。此外，他们按照W′BAL-INT模型参加了一次恢复性间歇训练课程。测量了包括摄氧量（V˙O）、心率（HR）、血乳酸（BLa̅）浓度和主观反应（RPE）在内的生理反应，并与CP表现数据进行了比较。W′BAL-INT在V˙O（F = 0.76，p = 0.655）以及绝对心率、相对心率和心率（分别为F = 0.70，p = 0.704；F = 1.11，p = 0.359；F = 1.70，p = 0.095）方面诱导出与CP相当的稳态生理反应。在训练课程的3分钟工作间隔期间，V˙O稳定，且与CP中的V˙O（54.2±6.7至59.3±4.9 ml·kg·min）相似。此外，4分钟的休息间隔有助于恢复到中度疲劳水平（W′平衡的80-100%）。心率反应对间歇强度和累积时间敏感。同时，在W′BAL-INT期间，BLa̅反应和RPE增加了疲劳发展。W′BAL-INT训练模型在平均氧动力学、CP百分比和心率方面产生一致的生理反应，类似于在CP期间观察到的反应。然而，在峰值氧动力学和W′能量平衡方面观察到了不同的生理反应。
