Valencian International University (VIU), Valencia, Spain. VALencia Salut Mental i Estigma (VALSME) Research Group, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. Clinical Documentation and Admission Unit, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
VALencia Salut Mental i Estigma (VALSME) Research Group, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2024;46:e20230708. doi: 10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0708. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
The aim of this study is to compare stigmatizing attitudes, reported and intended behavior, and knowledge of mental illness between university students and the general population.
An online cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The survey included sociodemographic data and validated stigma questionnaires (the Attribution Questionnaire [AQ-27], the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale [RIBS], and the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule [MAKS]). Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple regression modeling were employed to analyze the data.
A total of 506 participants completed the survey, including 226 (44.7%) university students (61.1% women), and 280 (55.3%) individuals from the general population (69.3% women). For both groups, women and individuals who had lived with someone with mental health problems exhibited more positive attitudes (p < 0.05). University students reported greater knowledge of mental illness (p < 0.05) than the general population. After controlling for covariates, university students only scored higher than the general population in the blame factor of the AQ-27 (p < 0.05). Additionally, older participants from both groups exhibited higher levels of stigmatizing attitudes compared to those of a younger age.
These findings suggest that university students exhibit similar levels of stigmatizing attitudes to the general population. Among both groups, female sex, older age, previous contact with individuals with mental illness, and greater knowledge of mental health are all associated with less stigma toward people with mental illness. Tailored interventions grounded in contact with mental illness have the potential to help reduce stigmatizing attitudes within both groups.
本研究旨在比较大学生和普通人群对精神疾病的污名化态度、报告和意图行为以及精神疾病知识。
进行了一项在线横断面观察性研究。该调查包括社会人口统计学数据和经过验证的污名化问卷（归因问卷[AQ-27]、报告和意图行为量表[RIBS]以及心理健康知识量表[MAKS]）。采用描述性统计、双变量分析和多元回归建模来分析数据。
共有 506 名参与者完成了调查，其中包括 226 名（44.7%）大学生（61.1%为女性）和 280 名（55.3%）普通人群（69.3%为女性）。对于这两个群体，女性和与精神健康问题患者共同生活过的人表现出更积极的态度（p<0.05）。大学生比普通人群报告了更多的精神疾病知识（p<0.05）。在控制了协变量后，大学生仅在 AQ-27 的责备因素上比普通人群得分更高（p<0.05）。此外，两组中年龄较大的参与者比年龄较小的参与者表现出更高水平的污名化态度。
这些发现表明，大学生与普通人群表现出相似水平的污名化态度。在这两个群体中，女性、年龄较大、以前与精神疾病患者接触以及对心理健康知识的了解程度与对精神疾病患者的污名化态度降低有关。以接触精神疾病为基础的针对性干预措施有可能帮助减少这两个群体的污名化态度。
