Tian Yu, Zhang Zhaoran, Jiang Changhua, Chen Dong, Liu Zhaoxia, Wei Ming, Wang Chunhui, Wei Kunlin
China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, Beijing, China.
NPJ Microgravity. 2024 Nov 21;10(1):108. doi: 10.1038/s41526-024-00439-8.
Crewed outer-space missions require adequate motor capacity among astronauts, whose sensorimotor system is disturbed by microgravity. Stressors other than microgravity, e.g., sleep loss, confinement, and high workload, characterize the living experience in space and potentially affect motor performance. However, the evidence of these stressors remains elusive. We recruited twelve taikonauts from the China Space Station to conduct a motor timing task that minimized the effect of microgravity on motor performance. Participants showed a remarkable increase in motor timing variance during spaceflight, compared to their pre- and post-flight performance and that of ground controls. Model-based analysis revealed that their timing deficits were driven by increased central noise instead of impaired motor execution. Our study provides evidence that nonspecific stressors can profoundly affect motor performance during spaceflight.
载人外层空间任务要求宇航员具备足够的运动能力，其感觉运动系统会受到微重力的干扰。除微重力之外的应激源，如睡眠不足、禁闭和高工作量，是太空生活体验的特征，并可能影响运动表现。然而，这些应激源的证据仍然难以捉摸。我们从中国空间站招募了12名宇航员，进行一项将微重力对运动表现的影响降至最低的运动计时任务。与飞行前、飞行后的表现以及地面控制组相比，参与者在太空飞行期间的运动计时方差显著增加。基于模型的分析表明，他们的计时缺陷是由中枢噪声增加而非运动执行受损导致的。我们的研究提供了证据，证明非特异性应激源会在太空飞行期间深刻影响运动表现。
