Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Science. 2024 Nov 22;386(6724):892-897. doi: 10.1126/science.adr3339. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
Sleep improves cognitive performance, yet little is known about the neural mechanisms of this improvement. We performed multielectrode recording in macaque visual and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while animals performed a visual discrimination task before and after non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Although sleep induces synchronized fluctuations in population activity across cortical areas, the post-sleep population activity became more desynchronized relative to the pre-sleep state. The changes after sleep were correlated with an increase in information encoded in population activity in each area and improved behavioral performance. Electrically stimulating visual cortex at 4 hertz emulated the beneficial effects of sleep on network and perceptual performance. A large-scale neural network model indicated that asymmetric depression of local intracortical synapses is consistent with the observed changes in neural activity after sleep.
睡眠可以改善认知表现，但对于这种改善的神经机制知之甚少。我们在猕猴的视觉和背外侧前额叶皮层进行了多电极记录，同时在动物进行视觉辨别任务之前和之后进行了非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠。尽管睡眠诱导了皮层区域之间的群体活动的同步波动，但与睡眠前状态相比，睡眠后的群体活动变得更加去同步化。睡眠后的变化与每个区域的群体活动中编码的信息增加以及行为表现的改善相关。以 4 赫兹的频率电刺激视觉皮层模拟了睡眠对网络和感知性能的有益影响。一个大规模的神经网络模型表明，局部皮质内突触的不对称抑制与睡眠后观察到的神经活动变化一致。
