Carrier Christian, Meltzer David, Prochaska Micah T
Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Section of Hospital Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Vox Sang. 2025 Feb;120(2):163-169. doi: 10.1111/vox.13774. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
Anaemia is a treatable common condition with various aetiologies and is prevalent in hospitalized patients. However, anaemia is inconsistently worked up and treated in the inpatient setting, in part because there is no standardized inpatient diagnostic and treatment approach to anaemia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the diagnostic approach and prevalence of common aetiologies of anaemia in hospitalized patients and test for an association between aetiologies of anaemia and patient characteristics.
This study is a prospective observational study of hospitalized adult patients with anaemia. Patient laboratory data were used to assess the frequency of anaemia diagnostic workup and common aetiologies of anaemia.
In a sample of 945 patients (mean age 58 years, 57% female and 72% Black), 30% patients had chronic anaemia, 11% had multifactorial anaemia, 5% had iron deficiency and 37% had insufficient laboratory data to determine their anaemia aetiology (unidentified aetiology). Patients with an unidentified aetiology received fewer transfusions and were more likely to be White, have longer hospital stays and have higher nadir haemoglobin levels.
A significant portion of hospitalized patients with anaemia did not have an identified aetiology. A standardized diagnostic algorithm could decrease this number and help patients receive appropriate treatment.
贫血是一种病因多样且可治疗的常见病症，在住院患者中普遍存在。然而，贫血在住院环境中的检查和治疗并不一致，部分原因是缺乏标准化的住院贫血诊断和治疗方法。因此，本研究的目的是检查住院患者贫血常见病因的诊断方法和患病率，并测试贫血病因与患者特征之间的关联。
本研究是一项对住院成年贫血患者的前瞻性观察研究。患者的实验室数据用于评估贫血诊断检查的频率和贫血的常见病因。
在945名患者的样本中（平均年龄58岁，57%为女性，72%为黑人），30%的患者患有慢性贫血，11%患有多因素贫血，5%患有缺铁性贫血，37%的患者缺乏足够的实验室数据来确定其贫血病因（病因不明）。病因不明的患者输血次数较少，更可能是白人，住院时间更长，最低血红蛋白水平更高。
很大一部分住院贫血患者病因不明。标准化的诊断算法可以减少这一数字，并帮助患者接受适当的治疗。
