Cholera Treatment Centre, Gadarif, Sudan.
World Health Organization Country Office, Sudan.
East Mediterr Health J. 2024 Nov 3;30(10):698-703. doi: 10.26719/2024.30.10.698.
Cholera outbreak is a significant public health threat in some parts of Sudan. In 2023, there was a large-scale outbreak in Gadarif State.
To analyse the 2023 cholera outbreak in Sudan and recommend prevention and control measures for the future.
In this retrospective study we conducted an epidemiological analysis of data from suspected and confirmed cholera cases, aged ≥ 2 years, from 138 health centres in Gadarif State, Sudan.
A total of 1997 cholera cases were confirmed using rapid diagnostic test between 25 August and 17 December 2023. Most patients (99.2%) had severe watery diarrhoea, and vomiting was reported in over 73% of cases. Dehydration rates were similar for men and women (≈55-60%), average attack rate was 6.7 per 10 000 population. The attack rate varied by locality but not by gender across all age groups. The outbreak lasted 20 weeks and claimed 46 lives, giving a case fatality ratio of 2.6%. Public misconception about water chlorination substantially hindered control efforts.
The prolonged period of the outbreak and the high case fatality ratio highlight the need for better laboratory and epidemiologic surveillance as well as better preparedness and response for future outbreaks, along with educational activities to address myths and misconceptions.
在苏丹的一些地区，霍乱爆发是一个重大的公共卫生威胁。2023 年，加达里夫州发生了大规模的霍乱爆发。
分析 2023 年苏丹的霍乱疫情，并为未来提出预防和控制措施。
在这项回顾性研究中，我们对 2023 年 8 月 25 日至 12 月 17 日期间来自加达里夫州 138 个卫生中心的疑似和确诊霍乱病例数据进行了流行病学分析，纳入年龄≥2 岁的患者。
2023 年 8 月 25 日至 12 月 17 日期间，共有 1997 例霍乱病例通过快速诊断检测得到确认。大多数患者（99.2%）有严重的水样腹泻，超过 73%的病例有呕吐症状。男性和女性的脱水率相似（≈55-60%），平均发病率为每 10 000 人 6.7 例。发病率在各地区有所不同，但在所有年龄段内都与性别无关。疫情持续了 20 周，导致 46 人死亡，病死率为 2.6%。公众对水氯化的误解极大地阻碍了控制工作。
疫情持续时间长，病死率高，这凸显了未来需要更好的实验室和流行病学监测，以及更好的准备和应对未来的疫情，同时还需要开展教育活动，以解决误解和错误观念。
