Department of Neurology, Tainan Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2024 Jan-Dec;39:15333175241303569. doi: 10.1177/15333175241303569.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Epileptic seizures or epileptic activity have been detected in AD, and people with epilepsy have a higher risk of dementia compared to the general population. This suggests that seizures or epileptic activity might often coexist with AD. It is increasingly evident that epileptic activity or seizures are common but often overlooked comorbidities of AD. However, the causal relationship between seizures, epileptic activity and cognitive decline remains uncertain. Experimental data show that amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau protein can cause neuronal hyperexcitability and has epileptogenic effects. Neural network hyperexcitation regulates the ratio of Aβ isoforms and is linked to the initiation of AD, indicating a shared mechanism. Clinical studies suggest that cognitive impairment accelerates in AD patients with seizures or epileptic activity. This review discusses the relationship between epileptic seizures and AD, the impact of epileptic activity in AD, and potential treatments.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是痴呆症最常见的病因。AD 中已检测到癫痫发作或癫痫活动，与普通人群相比，癫痫患者患痴呆症的风险更高。这表明癫痫发作或癫痫活动可能经常与 AD 共存。越来越明显的是，癫痫活动或癫痫发作是 AD 的常见但常被忽视的共病。然而，癫痫发作、癫痫活动和认知能力下降之间的因果关系仍不确定。实验数据表明，淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）和 Tau 蛋白可导致神经元过度兴奋并具有致痫作用。神经网络过度兴奋调节 Aβ 异构体的比例，并与 AD 的发生有关，表明存在共同的机制。临床研究表明，癫痫发作或癫痫活动的 AD 患者认知障碍加速。本综述讨论了癫痫发作与 AD 之间的关系、癫痫活动对 AD 的影响以及潜在的治疗方法。
