Mechanisms by which dopamine alters blood flow distribution during lobar collapse in dogs.

Dopamine increases blood flow to a hypoxic left lower lobe in dogs. To elucidate possible mechanisms, left lower lobe collapse was induced in anesthetized dogs, and lobar (QLLL) and total (QT) pulmonary blood flow was measured by electromagnetic flow probes. Dopamine infusion increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), QT, and QLLL. However, the increase in QLLL was double that produced by a similar increase in Ppa without increase in QT (inflation of a Swan-Ganz balloon in right pulmonary artery) or by a similar increase in QT with smaller increase in Ppa (opening of arteriovenous fistulas). QLLL/QT was not changed by opening arteriovenous fistulas, but was increased by Swan-Ganz balloon inflation, and by infusion of dopamine. It is concluded that the increase in QLLL/QT produced by dopamine was due to a decrease in hypoxic vasoconstriction in the lobe secondary to an increase in mixed venous PO2 and to vasoconstriction in the oxygenated lung.