Wang Yamei, Han Wenjing, Wang Taotao, Jia Chunying, Liu Jiajia, Fan Xiaorong, Chen Jingguang
School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
Shandong Jinchunyu Seed Technology Co., Ltd., Jining 272200, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jan;284(Pt 2):137842. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137842. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
The genetic architecture of garlic bulb related traits were still not well elucidated due to its big and complex genome. In this study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) in 163 garlic accessions mainly from China were conducted. All the 163 garlic accessions were divided into three subpopulations, and largely consistent with geographic origins. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted for 5 garlic bulb related traits across four environments. Totally, 26 significantly loci were identified in two or more environments and located within or near 431 genes, and explain 14.0-31.7 % of the phenotypic variances. Among these, qBW5.1 was nearly with the qBH5.1. Four loci were reported previously, whereas the remaining 22 are likely to be new. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the candidate genes were significantly enriched in metabolic process, biosynthetic process and catalytic activity. Nine candidate genes encode the zinc finger domain-containing protein, serine/threonine-protein kinase, peroxygenase, auxin-induced protein, ethylene-responsive transcription and E3-Ubiquitin protein ligases were identified and validated. Additionally, a meaningful achievement is one kompetitive allele-specific PCR marker, Kasp_chr7_BW for bulb weight were successfully developed and validated in a diverse panel. These results uncover the genetic mechanism of garlic bulb related traits and provide accessions and KASP markers for further garlic molecular breeding.
由于大蒜基因组庞大且复杂，其鳞茎相关性状的遗传结构仍未得到很好的阐明。在本研究中，对主要来自中国的163份大蒜种质进行了简化基因组测序（GBS）。所有163份大蒜种质被分为三个亚群，且与地理起源基本一致。针对四个环境下的5个大蒜鳞茎相关性状进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS）。总共在两个或更多环境中鉴定出26个显著位点，这些位点位于431个基因内部或附近，解释了14.0 - 31.7%的表型变异。其中，qBW5.1与qBH5.1几乎重合。此前报道了4个位点，其余22个可能是新位点。基因本体富集分析表明，候选基因在代谢过程、生物合成过程和催化活性方面显著富集。鉴定并验证了9个候选基因，它们分别编码含锌指结构域蛋白、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶、过氧酶、生长素诱导蛋白、乙烯响应转录因子和E3泛素蛋白连接酶。此外，一项有意义的成果是成功开发并在不同群体中验证了一个用于鳞茎重量的竞争性等位基因特异性PCR标记Kasp_chr7_BW。这些结果揭示了大蒜鳞茎相关性状的遗传机制，并为进一步的大蒜分子育种提供了种质和KASP标记。
