Zhang Zufa, Lv Long, Guan Sheng, Jiang Fengze, He Danni, Song Hongxuan, Sun Weibing, Tian Feng, Jiang Sixiong
Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China; Zhongshan Clinical Collage of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China.
Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Microenvironment Regulation and Immunotherapy of Urinary Tumors of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Feb 15;371:315-323. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.11.055. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
Depression is a pervasive mental illness that has a significant impact on public health globally. This study aimed to identify risk factors for depression and elucidate their causal relationships.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Serum ApoB was log-transformed and further divided into 4 groups. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum ApoB and depression. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were used to observe the stability of the association between them. Smooth curve fitting was used to investigate nonlinear correlations. The causal effect of serum ApoB on depression was assessed using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
A total of 6531 participated in the study. After adjusting for all covariates, serum ApoB levels were positively associated with depression after adjustment for all covariates (OR = 1.40, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.84; P = 0.0176). Unfortunately, there was no significant causal relationship between serum ApoB and depression (OR = 0.9985,95 % CI = 0.9962-1.0008; P = 0.1923). Sensitivity analysis verified the reliability of the results.
Serum ApoB was positively associated with an increased risk of depression, but MR analysis did not show a genetic causal relationship between ApoB and depression. Based on the results of the current study, no indication maintaining high levels of ApoB contributes to the management of depression.
The main limitation of this study is the inconsistency of the cross-sectional study and the MR population.
抑郁症是一种普遍存在的精神疾病，对全球公共卫生有重大影响。本研究旨在确定抑郁症的风险因素并阐明其因果关系。
使用来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）和全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的数据。血清载脂蛋白B（ApoB）进行对数转换并进一步分为4组。采用多因素逻辑回归分析评估血清ApoB与抑郁症之间的关系。进行亚组分析和交互检验以观察它们之间关联的稳定性。使用平滑曲线拟合研究非线性相关性。采用孟德尔随机化（MR）分析评估血清ApoB对抑郁症的因果效应。
共有6531人参与本研究。在对所有协变量进行调整后，血清ApoB水平与抑郁症呈正相关（比值比[OR]=1.40，95%置信区间[CI]=1.06 - 1.84；P = 0.0176）。遗憾的是，血清ApoB与抑郁症之间无显著因果关系（OR = 0.9985，95% CI = 0.9962 - 1.0008；P = 0.1923）。敏感性分析验证了结果的可靠性。
血清ApoB与抑郁症风险增加呈正相关，但MR分析未显示ApoB与抑郁症之间存在遗传因果关系。基于本研究结果，没有迹象表明维持高水平的ApoB有助于抑郁症的管理。
本研究的主要局限性在于横断面研究与MR人群的不一致性。
