Magnetic adsorbents for removal of bisphenol A: Design strategies of materials and adsorption mechanisms.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a representative endocrine-disrupting chemical widely utilized in the plastic industry, and its leakage into the environment poses various health risks. There is an urgent need for effective removal technologies, and magnetic adsorption shows promise due to its high efficiency and ease of recovering adsorbents. This review provides a comprehensive and critical summary of recent advances in magnetic adsorbents for the removal of BPA. It covers intrinsic magnetic materials and composite magnetic adsorbents which include magnetic organic adsorbents (covalent organic frameworks, β-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents, and molecularly imprinted polymers), magnetic carbonaceous adsorbents (graphene, activated carbon, biochar, and carbon nanotubes), magnetic inorganic adsorbents and magnetic metal-organic frameworks. After comparing and discussing the different magnetic adsorbents, the adsorption mechanisms are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages are compared and discussed. Strategies for designing magnetic matrices with appropriate morphology and adsorption materials with optimal porous structures are proposed. The challenges associated with maintaining adsorption performance while integrating a magnetic matrix are also discussed. The research direction for future work is also prospected. This review aims to guide the development of magnetic adsorbents for the removal of BPA and other emerging pollutants.